riam phom tau ua txij thaum ub. Thaum xub thawj, tib neeg siv random pom pob zeb los yog sticks. Tau txais zaub mov rau nws tus kheej, tiv thaiv nws lub tsev los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, ib tug neeg kawm ua pob zeb rauj. Cov hmuv, hneev thiab xub tshwm sim thaum riam phom tau txhim kho.
Kev khawb av, kev ua hlau ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim tshiab. Tus kws tua phom yog tus tswv ntawm kev ua riam phom, khoom siv tiv thaiv. Nws tau koom nrog kev tsim ntaj thiab daim thaiv, kaus mom hlau thiab ntoo khaub lig.
Leej twg yog phom?
Cov riam phom ntawm qub txeeg qub teg tau hloov los ntawm cov qauv siab dua. Tub rog technology tau hloov zuj zus. Thaum xub thawj nws yog riam phom melee. Stitching thiab txiav cov khoom. Nrog rau kev tsim phom phom tuaj phom. Kev tua thiab cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg - arquebuses, squeakers, muskets.
Tus kws tua phom yog tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv tub rog. Pikes thiab hmuv, ntaj thiab sabers yog tsim los ntawm cov craftsmen. Engraving, chasing, kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm riam phom ntxiv tus nqi, ua tus craftsman tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ib yam khoom. Maj mam, cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm riam phom thiab cov hniav zoo nkauj tau ua ke.
Tes forging, foundry complexityaffairs, sib npaug - tus tswv ntawm caj npab hla lawv secrets los ntawm qub txeeg qub teg. Leej txiv tau qhia hauv kev xyaum cov thev naus laus zis kom tau txais ib hom hlau tshwj xeeb, tau piav qhia rau nws tus tub cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua kom tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov dynasties ntawm gunsmiths tshwm sim.
Keeb kwm ntawm lo lus
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov txiv neej thaum ub yog kev yos hav zoov, nuv ntses, sib sau ua ke. Kev faib ua haujlwm ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab cov neeg txawj ntse.
Tam sim no nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj cov zej zog, tib neeg tau kawm los tiv thaiv lawv lub tsev, tsev neeg. Mus yos hav zoov thiab tau khoom noj. Lub xeev tau tsim, thiab nrog lawv cov riam phom complex tau ua ntau dua. Cov kws tshaj lij ntsig txog nws tau dhau los ua ntau dua hauv kev thov.
Tseem ntseeg tias lo lus " riam phom" los ntawm lo lus "horn" ("horns"). Rau ib tug tsiaj, lawv yog ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab tua. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "sunsmith" yog ib tug kws tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom siv tub rog. Ntoo thiab hlau craftsman. Nws paub yuav ua li cas los tsim ntau hom riam phom, sim txhim kho lawv cov kev txwv.
Russian gunsmiths
Kev tsim khoom siv tub rog tau nyuaj dua. Cov ntawv tshwj xeeb tau tsim los tsim riam phom. Tag nrho cov chaw ua haujlwm tau mob siab rau kev siv tub rog.
Lub Hoobkas riam phom tau ua haujlwm hauv Tula txij li xyoo pua 16th. Kev ua tub rog yuav tsum muaj ntau yam khoom siv. Ntaj, sabers, phom pib ua ntau yam.
Kuznetskaya Sloboda, Cannon Yard tau tshwm sim hauv Moscow. Nyob ntawd, cov kws ua txuj ci tau koom nrog kev ua hlau. Lawv tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim riam phom thiab khoom siv tiv thaiv - kaus mom hlau,kab lia vwj.
Zlatoust Arms Factory tau muab cov khoom siv tub rog rau cov tub rog Lavxias thiab Soviet. Broadwords, daggers, sabers ua nyob rau hauv lub nroog no yog cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Armory.
Cov npe ntawm M. Kalashnikov, F. Tokarev, V. Degtyarev, G. Shpagin tau paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias tus kws tua phom yog ib tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom, tsim cov qauv zoo.
Kev tsim riam phom lig tau coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv nroog Kovrov, Izhevsk, Klimovsk. Txij li xyoo 2010, tau tsim muaj hnub nco txog tshiab. Lub Cuaj Hli 19 yog hnub so tshaj lij rau cov kws tua phom hauv tebchaws Russia.
Vim li cas tus kws tua phom hauv ntiaj teb no? Qhov no yog tus tsim engineers uas tsim cov khoom seem raws li cov duab kos. Qhov no yog turner, milling tshuab, leej twg paub yuav ua li cas rau lawv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim khoom, cov neeg ua haujlwm steel muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom sib txuas ua ke. Cov no yog cov engravers uas paub yuav ua li cas encrust stocks thiab handles.
Gunsmith yog ib txheej ntawm kev tshaj lij txhawm rau tsim thiab txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis tshiab. Xws li:
- devices, hmo ntuj pom kev.
- tshuab phom, foob pob hluav taws;
- mines, torpedoes;
- ballistic missiles, sib ntaus sib tua aircraft;
- tanks, warships.
Cov phom niaj hnub tau saib xyuas zoo rau cov khoom siv. Cov no yog tus nqi hluav taws kub thiab qhov tseeb, maneuverability thiab thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Thermal laser systems tau tshwm sim uas tuaj yeem raug mob yam tsis muajcov mos txwv. Lub kaum ntse ntse riam phom ua tau zoo tshaj nws cov kwv tij nrog lub thoob khoov.
Kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim tub rog loj. Cov neeg tua phom rau hnub no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub teb chaws txoj haujlwm.
