Qhov tawg yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv sai sai ntawm lub xeev ntawm qhov tawg, uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog thermal thiab cov pa roj tawm, ua rau lub zog poob siab.
tawg yog cov tebchaw uas muaj peev xwm hloov pauv hauv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg lub xeev raws li kev cuam tshuam sab nraud nrog kev tsim ntawm kev tawg.
Kev faib tawm hom tawg
1. Lub cev - lub zog ntawm kev tawg yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub zog ntawm cov pa compressed lossis chav. Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub zog sab hauv, qhov tawg ntawm lub zog sib txawv tau txais. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tawg yog vim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov poob siab yoj. Cov seem ntawm lub plhaub ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntxiv.
2. Tshuaj - nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov tawg yog tshwm sim los ntawm yuav luag instantaneous tshuaj sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsim ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg, nrog tso tawm ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub, raws li zoo raws li gases thiab chav nrog ib tug high degree ntawm compression. Kev tawg ntawm cov hom no yog ib txwm, piv txwv li, rau cov hmoov phom. Cov tshuaj uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txais kev kub siab thaum rhuab. Kev tawg ntawm pyrotechnics kuj yog rau hom no.
3. Nuclear explosions yog xob laim-ceev tshwm sim ntawm nuclear fission los yog fusion, tus cwj pwm los ntawm ib tug loj loj lub zog ntawm tso tawm, nrog rau cov cua sov. Lub colossal kub ntawm lub epicenter ntawm qhov tawg ua rau tsim ib cheeb tsam ntawm kev kub siab heev. Kev nthuav dav ntawm cov pa ua rau muaj kev poob siab uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Lub tswv yim thiab kev faib tawm ntawm kev tawg cia koj ua kom raug thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Action type
Cov khoom tawg los ntawm hom kev ua tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:
condensed;
Thawj hom yog cov khoom sib txuas uas, nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom lossis cov kua hauv lub xeev ntawm kev sib sau ua ke, tuaj yeem, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, pib hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov tsos ntawm superheated vapors thiab gases nrog tsim ntawm ib qho chaw ruaj khov siab siab. Ib qho kev nthuav dav ntawm qhov nruab nrab gaseous ua rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev poob siab. Cov kev tshwm sim no hu ua kev hloov pauv tawg.
Yuav kom pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muab cov khoom tawg rau qee qhov pib lub zog ntawm cov tshuab, thermal, hluav taws xob, tshuaj lom neeg lossis lwm yam.
Explosive Groups
Muaj peb pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tawg yooj yim.
| Properties | |
| I |
explosives txaus ntshai heev. Nyob raunkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv transformation, tsis ruaj khov. Lawv txaus ntshai txawm tias me me. Piv txwv li: tooj liab (I) acetylenide, nitrogen trichloride. |
| II |
Cov khoom tawg yooj yim. Ntau ruaj khov piv rau pawg I. Yooj yim detonated los ntawm txhua yam los yog thermal ua los ntawm sab nraud. Feem ntau siv hauv detonators. Piv txwv li: lead azide, mercury(II) fulminate. |
| III |
Cov khoom tawg yooj yim. Kev pib tawg tsuas yog tshwm sim nrog kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, piv txwv li, los ntawm kev tawg. Relatively ruaj khov thiab muab kev cia ntev ntev, warehousing yog ua tau. Piv txwv li: dynamite, TNT. |
| IV |
phom phom Kev tawg yog qhov ruaj khov, tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam rau sab nraud. Pib los ntawm tshav kub. Tej zaum yuav kub hnyiab tau los yog tawg (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kaw Circuit Court) nyob ntawm tej yam kev mob. |
Qhov txawv ntawm
Kev tawg txawv nyob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua:
- Decomposition yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm qhov nruab nrab gaseous.
- cov txheej txheem Redox koom nrog qhov muaj tus neeg sawv cev txo qis uas cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua yuav hnov qab.
- Reaction of mixs.
ntim tawg suav nrog cov hmoov av tawg, nrog rau cov huab cua tawg.
Plua plav tawg
Lawv yog ib yam rau cov khoom kaw plua plav, xws li cov mines. txaus ntshai concentrationCov plua plav tawg tau tshwm sim thaum lub tshuab ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv loj uas muab cov hmoov av ntau. Ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom tawg yuav tsum muaj kev paub tag nrho ntawm qhov tawg yog dab tsi.
Rau txhua hom plua plav muaj qhov hu ua qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai, thaum tshaj, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg, thiab cov hmoov av no ntsuas hauv grams ib cubic meter ntawm huab cua. Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tsis tas li thiab yuav tsum tau hloov kho nyob ntawm cov av noo, qhov kub thiab txias thiab lwm yam ib puag ncig.
Kev phom sij tshwj xeeb yog muaj methane. Hauv qhov no, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntxiv ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov hmoov av sib tov. Twb tau tsib feem pua cov ntsiab lus ntawm methane vapor nyob rau hauv cov huab cua hem kom tawg, vim hais tias lub ignition ntawm ib plua plav huab raws li thiab ib tug nce nyob rau hauv turbulence. Kev tawm tswv yim zoo tshwm sim, ua rau muaj kev tawg ntawm lub zog loj. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau nyiam cov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no, txoj kev xav tawg tseem haunts ntau.
Kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw kaw
Thaum ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw kaw nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm plua plav hauv huab cua, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- tshem tawm plua plav los ntawm qhov cua;
- tawm tsam huab cua qhuav ntau dhau;
- dilution ntawm huab cua sib tov nrog inert gases kom txo cov concentration ntawm explosives.
Plua plav tawg yog ib txwm tsis yog rau cov mines xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov tsev, thiabgranaries.
Tswv cua huab cua
Lawv yog cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm xob laim-ceev hloov ntawm lub xeev, tsim kom muaj lub moj tej tawg. Muaj tshwm sim sab nraum zoov, nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw kaw vim qhov hluav taws kub ntawm huab cua vapor combustible. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov roj liquefied leaks.
Rau koj txoj kev nyab xeeb, nws raug nquahu kom koj ua tib zoo ua raws li kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
- tsis kam ua haujlwm nrog cov pa roj lossis chav;
- tsis lees paub qhov hluav taws kub uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub txim;
- zam qhov chaw kaw.
Koj yuav tsum muaj lub suab nkag siab tias qhov tawg yog dab tsi, nws yuav ua li cas txaus ntshai. Kev tsis ua raws li cov cai kev nyab xeeb thiab kev siv tsis paub txog qee yam khoom ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Gas explosions
Cov khoom siv roj foob feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tuav cov khoom siv roj tsis raug. Kev tshem tawm raws sijhawm thiab kev txhais cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Gas Explosion txhais li cas? Nws tshwm sim vim kev ua haujlwm tsis raug.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tawg, tag nrho cov khoom siv roj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua. Txhua tus neeg nyob hauv tsev neeg ntiag tug, nrog rau cov tsev nyob, raug pom zoo MOT VDGO txhua xyoo.
Txhawm rau txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawg, cov qauv ntawm thaj chaw uas cov khoom siv roj tau teeb tsa tsis yog peev, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lub teeb yuag. ATthaum muaj kev tawg, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj loj thiab thaiv. Tam sim no koj xav txog qhov tawg yog dab tsi.
Ua kom cov pa hauv tsev nkag tau yooj yim dua, cov tshuaj tsw qab ethyl mercaptan ntxiv rau nws, uas ua rau muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis hnov tsw hauv chav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum qhib lub qhov rais kom ntseeg tau tias huab cua ntshiab. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum hu rau qhov kev pabcuam roj. Lub sijhawm no, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis siv cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub txim taws. Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb!
Kev tawg ntawm pyrotechnics tuaj yeem dhau los ua kev hem thawj. Lub warehouse ntawm cov khoom xws li yuav tsum tau nruab raws li cov qauv. Cov khoom tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua mob rau tus neeg siv. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account.
