Tourist resources yog Hom thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov chaw ncig tebchaws. tourism kev lag luam

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:53

Kev lag luam kev lag luam niaj hnub no coj cov nyiaj tau los ntau rau cov xeev uas nquag txhim kho nws. Niaj hnub no, kwv yees li 8% ntawm tag nrho cov hnub nyoog ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb tau koom nrog nws. Cov peev txheej ncig xyuas yog txhua yam uas pab tau nws txoj kev loj hlob: roob thiab hiav txwv, hav zoov thiab pas dej, keeb kwm monuments thiab kab lis kev cai. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav qhia rau koj paub meej txog cov kev faib tawm thiab cov hom kev ua si thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.

Tourism resources yog…

txhais li cas los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm "tus neeg ncig tebchaws" lossis "kev ua si-kev ncig ua si" (los ntawm lo lus Latin recreatio - so) cov peev txheej? Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no yog dab tsi? Wb sim to taub cov teeb meem no.

Cov peev txheej ncig xyuas yog cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig (natural, climatic, keeb kwm, kev coj noj coj ua, thiab lwm yam) uas yog (lossis tej zaum yuav yog) qhov kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws thiab tuaj yeem txhawb nqa lawv.taug kev. Cov no suav nrog cov toj roob hauv pes zoo nkauj thiab cov vaj tsev monuments, tab sis kuj muaj huab cua huv, muaj kev lom zem, tos txais cov neeg nyob hauv zos thiab ntau dua.

Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm thaj chaw ua si (ib qho ntawm cov kev qhuab qhia ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tshawb fawb), cov peev txheej ncig xyuas yog qee cov khoom qub ntawm ntuj lossis cov keeb kwm anthropogenic uas muaj qee yam kev ua si thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi thiab tuaj yeem siv los npaj kev ua si, kev noj qab haus huv. los yog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm tib neeg. Qhov twg tsis muaj kev pab cuam tourism, tourism tsuas yog tsim tsis tau. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb thaj chaw hauv peb lub ntiaj teb, txawm hais tias qee tus kws tshaj lij hais tias lawv tsis muaj nyob hauv txhua qhov, vim tias ntawm ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb koj tuaj yeem pom qee yam nthuav thiab tsim nyog rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws.

Qhov kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov peev txheej ncig xyuas hauv ib thaj chaw tau txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv. Cov no feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no:

• Kev txaus siab (kev ntxim nyiam) ntawm cov peev txheej.
• Accessibility (thaum thauj).
• Kev tshawb fawb, kab lis kev cai thiab kev mus ncig ua si tseem ceeb.
• Muaj peev xwm muab khoom (muaj peev xwm) ntawm cov peev txheej.
• toj roob hauv pes thiab ib puag ncig nta.
• Txoj kev thiab siv cov peev txheej siv.

Kev faib tawm ntawm cov peev txheej tourism

Nyob rau hauv lub geography niaj hnub no, kev faib tawm tswv yim los ntawm Polish economist M. Truasa nyob rau hauv 1963 yog dav siv. Nws txheeb xyuas peb pawg ntawm cov peev txheej ncig xyuas:

1. Natural tourism resources (climate, relief, toj roob hauv pes, hydrological chaw, hav zoov, chaw ua si, ntug hiav txwv dej, chaw tiv thaiv, natural monuments, etc.).
2. keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai (cov vaj tse vaj tse, vaj tse vaj tse, fortresses, tsev cia puav pheej, sculptural monuments, keeb kwm necropolises, tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab, thiab lwm yam).
3. Kev lag luam kev lag luam lossis kev tsim kho vaj tse (tsev so, cafes thiab khw noj mov, chaw ncig xyuas, chaw pw hav zoov, chaw kho mob, chaw lom zem, thiab lwm yam).

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev pabcuam hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

• Direct (los yog tam sim) yog ntuj thiab keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai khoom siv ncaj qha rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm kev ua ub no.
• Indirect (ntxiv) - cov khoom siv, nyiaj txiag, kev ua haujlwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov peev txheej ncaj qha mus ncig.

Tom ntej no, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib cov pab pawg tseem ceeb thiab nrov tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua si thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, uas yog, balneological, climatic, toj roob hauv pes, puam, keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai thiab kev tshwm sim.

Balneological Resources

Cov peev txheej Balneological suav nrog haus cov dej ntxhia, kho cov av nkos nrog cov tshuaj zoo, nrog rau ozocerite. Lawv siv ob qho tib si rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lub cev. Ntawm cov dej ntxhia, cov kws tshawb fawb paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau lub kaum os balneological pawg, suav nrog ferruginous, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocarbonate, radon thiab lwm yam.

Tej zaum qhov chaw balneological nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog Hiav Txwv Tuag nto moo. Ntawm no, peb yam kev kho mob cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev ib zaug: cov dej qab ntsev tiag tiag (cov ntsev thiab cov zaub mov nce mus txog 33%), ntxhia av nkos, nrog rau huab cua huv thiab saturated nrog ntau yam khoom siv. Qhov thib ob nrov tshaj plaws thiab siv zog ua haujlwm balneological chaw tuaj yeem hu ua Széchenyi chaw so hauv Hungary. Ntawm no, nyob ib ncig ntawm Budapest, ntau tshaj 500 pob zeb hauv av ua rau lawv txoj kev tawm hauv av.

Climate resources

Kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev vam meej ntawm kev ua si thiab chaw so kev lag luam. Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj av ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau nws qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Yog li, piv txwv li, kho cua ntawm sab qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Crimea, infused nrog phytoncides ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv zos, yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev kho cov kab mob ntawm tib neeg ua pa. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov kev pabcuam huab cua ntawm tib cheeb tsam yuav raug contraindicated rau qee tus neeg, tab sis tib lub sijhawm zoo rau lwm tus.

Landscape resources

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj ntev tias thaj chaw ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb thiab sab ntsuj plig ntawm tus neeg, thiab tseem tuaj yeem pab txhawb lub cev thiab rov qab los ntawm lub cev tom qab mob ntev.

thaj chaw roob sawv tawm ntawm cov toj roob hauv pes tourism. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv tsim tej yam kev mob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kev ua si thiabtourism kev ua ub no - los ntawm kev ua si huab cua mus rau sanatorium thiab kho mob. Tus thawj coj ntawm qhov no yog lub roob Alpine. Tsawg kawg yog 150 lab tus neeg ncig tebchaws thiab cov neeg so so tuaj xyuas nws txhua xyoo.

Peach resources

Ib qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv cov npe ntawm cov chaw ua si thiab cov neeg mus ncig ua si yog nyob ntawm cov peev txheej puam. Raws li kev txheeb cais, ntau tshaj 50% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi hauv ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los yog lwm yam koom nrog lawv cov so nrog nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, dej hiav txwv lossis lwm lub cev dej. Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia tias nyob ntawm ntug hiav txwv tshwj xeeb yog qhov zoo rau tib neeg lub cev. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib txhij cuam tshuam los ntawm peb tej yam ntuj tso ib zaug: dej, hnub thiab huab cua.

Lub Cote d'Azur yog suav tias yog qhov chaw ua si nrov tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb. Nws nyob hauv Fabkis thiab ncav cuag 180 mais ntawm Toulon mus rau Monaco. Ltalis, Spain, Bulgaria, M alta, Cyprus, Tunisia, Qaib Cov Txwv kuj muaj npe nrov rau lawv cov hnub so zoo nkauj puam.

Cultural and historical resources

Txhua yam monuments ntawm keeb kwm, architecture thiab kos duab raug suav hais tias yog kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev mus ncig. Qhov no suav nrog lub palace thiab chaw ua si, tsev fuabtais, citadels, fortifications ancient, archaeological sites, memorial complexes, kev cai dab qhuas vaj tse, monasteries, tsev cia puav pheej, art galleries, ancient necropolises, surviving fragments ntawm keeb kwm tsev nyob rau hauv lub zos, thiab lwm yam.

Lub teb chaws twg muaj keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai loj tshaj plaws? Lush loversarchitecture thiab tsev cia puav pheej yuav tsum mus rau Ltalis, Fabkis los yog Austria, cov kiv cua ntawm medieval castles - rau lub teb chaws Yelemees los yog Great Britain, admirers ntawm ancient sij hawm - rau tim lyiv teb chaws, Qaib ntxhw, tim Nkij teb chaws. Yog hais tias kab txawv architecture nyiam koj, xav tias dawb mus rau ib lub teb chaws ntawm East Asia.

Event tourism resources

Lub npe hu ua kev ncig xyuas kev lag luam tau nce ntau thiab ntau dua thoob plaws ntiaj teb tsis ntev los no. Lub hom phiaj ntawm xws li ib tug mus txawv tebchaws mus txawv tebchaws yog lub sij hawm rau coincide nrog ib qho kev tshwm sim - ib tug Success los yog lub teb chaws hnub caiv. Ntau lub koom haum mus ncig ua si muab lawv cov neeg tuaj ncig tshwj xeeb uas suav nrog cov hnub so ib txwm muaj nrog rau kev mus ntsib cov xwm txheej zoo nkauj tshaj plaws.

Cov peev txheej xwm txheej tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb pawg thematic:

• National hnub so thiab parades.
• ua yeeb yam.
• Nkauj koob tsheej.
• Gastronomic festivals (nrog rau cawv thiab npias).
• suab paj nruag, sau ntawv thiab ua yeeb yam festivals.
• Fashion shows.
• Auctions.
• Sports events.

Tourism in the modern world

Tourism niaj hnub no yog ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb. Hauv ntau lub tebchaws, nws tab tom txhim kho ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm heev. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws tsim nyog hais txog Ltalis, Fabkis, Austria, Czech koom pheej, Spain, Thaib, Qaib ntxhw, Egypt, United Arab Emirates. Cov xeev no yog cov thawj coj ntawm kev lag luam tourism niaj hnub. Txhua xyoo, tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ntawm txhua lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb los ntawm kev ncig xyuas yog li 800-900 billion US dollars.

Lub tswv yim ntawm "kev lag luam kev lag luam" txhais tau tias muaj ntau yam kev kawm ntawm kev ncig xyuas thiab kev noj qab haus huv chaw ua si uas muab kev pabcuam thiab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws thiab so. Cov no suav nrog cov lag luam thiab cov chaw haujlwm hauv qab no:

• tsev so, tsev so, campsites, boarding tsev, neeg mus ncig tebchaws complexes;
• tourism organizers (cov tuam txhab mus ncig, chaw ua haujlwm, chaw ncig xyuas);
• kev thauj mus los thiab cov neeg nqa khoom ntiag tug;
• kis las thiab chaw noj qab haus huv;
• chaw tsim khoom noj khoom haus;
• chaw lom zem thiab chaw tsim khoom;
• tuam txhab nyiaj thiab tuam txhab pov hwm;
• cov kev pabcuam xov xwm.

Tus neeg tsav tsheb mus ncig yog ib qho chaw lag luam uas ua haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm tus tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam ncig tebchaws. Qhov ntau ntawm cov kev pabcuam neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws feem ntau suav nrog:

• tsev so thiab tsev noj mov kev pabcuam;
• chaw ua haujlwm ncig tebchaws;
• kev pabcuam ntawm cov koomhaum ncig tebchaws thiab cov kws qhia ntiag tug;
• lwm cov kev pabcuam.

Nyob hauv kaw

Kev ncig ua si yog qhov nyuaj, ntau yam thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kawg ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Central thiab Western Europe, lub teb chaws USA, thiab Southeast Asia. Balneological, huab cua, puam, nrog rau keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov peev txheej ncig xyuas.