Linden lub plawv zoo li: piav qhia, Latin lub npe

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:52

Mall-leaved heart-shaped linden yog ib tsob nroj uas muaj nyob hauv tsev neeg mallow. Txog rau ib lub sijhawm, tsob ntoo raug suav tias yog tsev neeg ywj pheej linden.

Ntawm cov Slavs thaum ub, linden tau suav tias yog lub cim ntawm kev hlub thiab kev zoo nkauj, thiab ntawm Western Europeans - tus tuav ntawm tsev neeg hearth. Cov koom haum tau tsim los ntawm nws nyob ze cov tsev teev ntuj thiab cov tuam tsev. Hlawv tsob ntoo no tau sib npaug nrog kev ua txhaum loj. Txhua feem ntawm nws tau siv rau kev kho mob. Lub plawv zoo li linden yog ib qho ntawm cov zib ntab thiab cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom siv thiab khoom siv hauv tsev.

tsob ntoo npe

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, linden hu ua lubnyak, lychnik thiab bast. Cov haiv neeg no tau muab los ntawm cov neeg vim yog cov ntaub ntawv uas cov tawv ntoo tau muab rau. Bast yog ib feem ntawm cov tawv ntoo uas tau txais bast thiab bast. Lavxias teb sab ethnonym yog khi rau lo lus qub "lipati", lub ntsiab lus "los lo". Cov nplooj me me thiab cov ntoo tshiab kua nplaum nplaum.

Los ntawm ob lo lus, lub plawv zoo li linden tau txais lub npe Latin Tilia cordata. Lub hauv paus rau lub npe ntawm tsob ntoo yog Greek lo lus ptilon (hloov ua tilia), txhais ua "tis", los yog"plaub". Nws yog ncaj qha ntsig txog cov tis bracts, uas yog fused nrog peduncles. Nrog rau hom npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov duab ntawm nws nplooj, zoo li lub plawv, tau txuam nrog. Nws los ntawm Latin cordata - "lub siab".

Area

Tebchaws Europe nthuav dav thiab thaj chaw Esxias uas nyob ib sab tau xaiv lub plawv zoo li linden rau kev nyob. Nws ntes cov cheeb tsam loj hauv hav zoov Lavxias thiab thaj chaw hav zoov-steppe. Muaj cov Islands tuaj thiab ntshiab txiv qaub massifs. Cov txiv qaub loj loj hav zoov npog ib feem ntawm thaj av ntawm sab qab teb Cis-Urals. Hauv lwm thaj chaw, lawv tau tswj xyuas thaj chaw tsis tseem ceeb.

Yeej linden hlob raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntoo dav dav thiab cov hav zoov sib xyaw. Feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov nrog ntoo qhib. Feem ntau cov txiv qaub hav zoov loj hlob nyob rau theem thib ob ntawm ntoo qhib hav zoov thiab hav zoov coniferous-deciduous. Nws loj hlob nyob rau hauv cais fragments nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Siberia. Ntawm no nws thaj tsam xaus rau hauv qis qis ntawm Irtysh, ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv sab xis. Feem ntau cov txiv qaub hav zoov pom muaj nyob rau hauv Urals thiab cov teb chaws Europe ciam teb rau nws.

Ecology

tsob ntoo xav tau av fertility. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm tiv taus waterlogging, tab sis nws yog qhov ntxoov ntxoo-tiv taus. Linden undergrowth loj hlob zoo heev nyob rau hauv lub thib ob theem, nyob rau hauv tus duab ntxoov ntxoo nrum los ntawm tuab spruce forests. Cov ntoo loj hlob zoo nkauj crown nrog nplua nuj foliage, muab qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntom. Ntau tsob ntoo thiab tsob ntoo tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov ntoo zoo li no.

Vim cov roj tsis kam ntawm lub plawv zoo li linden loj heev, ntau lub nroogtsaws. Linden alleys yog tsim raws txoj kev. Kev cog qoob loo ntawm pab pawg thiab solo compositions yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov tiaj ua si thiab squares. Nws yog qhov zoo rau kev cog qoob loo.

Hauv nroog toj roob hauv pes, tsis yog siv cov linden me me xwb, tab sis kuj yog nws cov txheeb ze ze tshaj plaws. Loj-leaved linden, uas nws lub tebchaws yog thaj av nruab nrab ntawm Tebchaws Europe, tau ntxiv rau ntau hom kev cog qoob loo ntawm lub nroog. Tsob ntoo zam pruning zoo heev.

Cov txheeb ze

Hauv thaj av ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj, muaj ob hom linden - Amur thiab Manchurian. Lawv muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab morphology ntawm txiv qaub lub plawv zoo li. Nyob rau hauv loj-leaved linden, ua ntej flowering yog sau tseg. Nws muaj nplooj thiab paj ntau dua li nws tus txheeb ze.

Biological Description

Linden hais txog cov ntoo deciduous. Cov ntoo tawv ntoo, crowned nrog lub tsev pheeb suab dav zoo li cov ntoo, loj hlob mus rau qhov siab ntawm 20-38 meters. Cov tub ntxhais hluas lindens npog nrog cov tawv tawv xim av du. Hauv cov ntoo qub, txheej txheej sab saud ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov xim grey tsaus ntawm cov pob tw yog dotted nrog tob furrowed tawg.

Cov nroj tsuag muaj lub hauv paus muaj zog. Nws muaj zog kais hauv paus nkag mus tob rau hauv cov av, muab tsob ntoo nrog cua tiv taus.

Lub plawv zoo li linden yog strewn nrog tsis tu ncua, lub plawv zoo li, taw nplooj rau saum. Lawv cov lus piav qhia tsis xaus rau ntawd. Qhov ntev thiab dav ntawm nplooj hloov pauv nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 2-8 centimeters. Coppice tua yog npog nrog nplooj loj, lawv qhov loj ncav cuag 12 centimeters.

Finely serrated los ntawm ntugdaim hlau muaj qhov pom tseeb. Lawv lub Upperparts yog liab qab, ntawm ntsuab hues, thiab lawv underparts yog bluish, strewn nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha nrog yellowish-xim av plaub hau sau nyob rau hauv bundles. Nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntev-pubescent petioles, xim yog ntsuab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, liab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg. Linden nplooj tawg lig heev. Nws cov crowns tig ntsuab tsuas yog thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis, lossis txawm tias thaum pib lub Rau Hli. Tsuas yog oaks hnav cov nplooj tom qab linden.

Paj paj ntawm lub plawv zoo li linden pleev xim rau hauv cov xim daj-dawb. Lawv txoj kab uas hla tsis tshaj ib centimeter. Lawv, sib sau ua ke ntawm 3-15 daim, tsim corymbose inflorescences txuas mus rau ib tug ntsuab-daj-daj bract lanceolate nplooj, uas fuses ib nrab ntawm qhov ntev nrog lub axis ntawm inflorescence.

Lub paj ntawm paj yog tsib-tawm, lub corolla yog tsib-petal, nrog ntau stamens. Cov pistil muaj tsib lub zes qe menyuam, luv luv tuab thiab 5 stigmas. Flowering pib nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub Xya hli ntuj (tej zaum thaum kawg ntawm lub rau hli ntuj). Tsob ntoo tawg rau 2-3 lub lis piam. Linden yog pollinated los ntawm ntau yam kab.

Cov lus piav qhia ntawm botanical ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo no yog qhov nthuav tshwj xeeb. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm linden yog hu ua txiv ntoo. Nws muaj ib tug kheej kheej thiab ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 4-8 mm. Lub plhaub ntawm cov txiv ntoo me me yog nyias thiab tsis yooj yim. Txiv ntseej ripen nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, thiab pib crumble nrog lub advent ntawm lub caij ntuj no, thaum lub crowns tag nrho liab qab.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob hauv tag nrho inflorescences. Thaum lawv kov lub hau daus, lawv ya mus rau qhov deb, tuaj tos cua. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, thaum lub sij hawm thaw, snow npog thickens, twitches nrog crust. Infructescence, nruab nrog lub nkoj - lub bract,yog cua tshuab hla cov dej khov nab kuab, zoo li cov iceboats me me.

Reproduction

Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, tsob ntoo nyiam kom rov tsim dua vegetatively. Nws tsim los ntawm txheej thiab stumps. Hauv cov txiv qaub hav zoov, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hav zoov sawv, hauv qhov tseem ceeb, belongs rau lub hauv paus chiv keeb.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig uas suav tsis txheeb cov txiv ntoo-txiv ntoo tau tsim rau ntawm tsob ntoo. Linden tsis hla cov noob txuas ntxiv. Hauv hav zoov ib txwm muaj sprouts uas tau sprouted los ntawm nws cov noob. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev kom nkag siab hais tias ib tug sprout nrog ob tug heev dissected nplooj yog ib tug linden. Cov nplooj no tsis zoo li cov uas sau rau hauv ib lub kaus.

Kev loj hlob ntawm linden seedlings yog qeeb. Nws acceleration yog sau tseg nyob rau hauv lub thib rau xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob. Txog rau thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau caum, linden hlob sai sai, thiab tom qab ntawd nws zoo li khov. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 130-150, tau mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws, nws nres qhov siab.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis siv rau qhov dav ntawm lub cev thiab lub kaus mom. Lawv txuas ntxiv maj mam loj hlob ntau xyoo. Lub plawv zoo li linden yog lub siab ntev. Ntoo nyob rau 300-400 xyoo. Qee cov qauv tsim muaj nyob txog 600 xyoo.

tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg

Cov paj tsw qab linden muaj cov flavonoids, tannins, carotene, saponins. Lawv muaj vitamin C, suab thaj thiab cov roj yam tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lub bracts pom mucus nrog tannins. Linden bark yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv triterpenoid tiliadin.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo-txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo yog nplua nuj nrog roj roj. Hauv cov txiv ntoo, nws cov concentration nce mus txog 60%. Qhov zoo ntawm cov roj no yog siab, nwsNws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau Provencal. Nws muaj qab zib ntawm almond los yog txiv duaj roj. Cov nplooj muaj cov carbohydrates, mucus, carotene thiab vitamin C.

Pharmacology

Linden lub plawv zoo li yog nyob rau hauv pab pawg ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj nrog me me antispasmodic, secretolytic, diuretic thiab diaphoretic ua. Txiv qaub paj muaj diaphoretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, antipyretic thiab diuretic nyhuv rau tib neeg lub cev.

Tus nqi kho mob

Linden txo cov mob ua npaws, mob khaub thuas cuam tshuam nrog mob ntawm pharynx thiab bronchi. Nws yog siv rau mob khaub thuas, tonsillitis, tuberculosis thiab mumps. Linden infusions tau lees paub tias yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws rau pyelonephritis thiab cystitis. Ua tsaug rau decoctions ntawm qhuav paj, lawv tau tshem ntawm plab hnyuv colic, atherosclerosis.

compresses yog siv rau boils, uas yog siv nplooj, paj thiab buds. Lub plawv zoo li linden tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog cov nyhuv sedative. Ua tsaug rau nws, viscosity ntawm cov ntshav yog txo. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo txiv ntoo yog siv los txo cov ntshav. Lawv kho qhov kub hnyiab. Lawv pab nrog mastitis, gout thiab hemorrhoids.

Calcined thiab crushed ntoo txo qhov flatulence, tshem tawm lom. Linden tar yog siv los kho eczema. Infusions ntawm txiv qaub paj yog pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.

Linden blossom yog cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Infusions thiab decoctions los ntawm nws, saturated nrog ib tug complex ntawm biologically active compounds,ntxiv dag zog rau cov plaub hau, tshem tawm hws, ntxuav thiab soften ntawm daim tawv nqaij.