International Day of the lag ntseg

Cov txheej txheem:

International Day of the lag ntseg
International Day of the lag ntseg

Video: International Day of the lag ntseg

Video: International Day of the lag ntseg
Video: Tua Las Ntsev Instrumental + Lyrics ICU 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Txhua xyoo nyob rau hnub Sunday kawg ntawm thawj lub hlis ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg, hnub so ua kev zoo siab thoob plaws ntiaj teb - Hnub ntawm Cov Neeg Lag Luam Lag Luam, tau pom zoo xyoo 1951 los ntawm kev tsim lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Lag Luam ntawm Lag ntseg thiab Dumb. Tam sim no nws ua kev zoo siab rau lub Cuaj Hlis 27-29 txhua xyoo.

lag ntseg
lag ntseg

Raws li kev txheeb cais, txhua tus neeg thib cuaj hauv ntiaj teb muaj teeb meem tsis hnov lus. Cov ua rau tus kab mob no txawv kiag li: qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob, kev huam yuaj, congenital malformations. Muaj txog 30 lab tus neeg lag ntseg thiab neeg ruam thoob plaws ntiaj teb, thiab Russia suav txog li 40%, 5% ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua feem ntau. Cov neeg coob coob, koom ua ke los ntawm ib qho teeb meem, paub txog lub tswv yim los txhais lub International Day of the Deaf.

Keeb kwm ntawm thoob ntiaj teb cov lag ntseg lag ntseg hnub rov qab mus rau Fabkis xyoo pua 18th.

Charles-Michel de l'Epe txoj kev qhia

International hnub ntawm lag ntseg keeb kwm
International hnub ntawm lag ntseg keeb kwm

Lub hauv paus pib ntawm Lub Koom Haum Cov Lag Luam Lag Luam nyob hauv lub koom haum ntawm cov neeg kawm tiav ntawm Paris Institute for the Deaf and Dumb nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 18th caug xyoo. Zoo li feem ntau cov tsev kawm ntawv, lub tsev kawm ntawv no tau tsim los ntawm ib tug txiv plig, uas yog Abbé Charles-Michel de l'Epe. Nws tsis tsuas yog tsim lub ntiaj teb thawj zaug xwbLub tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb rau cov lag ntseg, tab sis kuj yog tus tsim ntawm kev qhia piav tes piav taw raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm European philosophers D. Diderot thiab J. Comenius.

Kev kawm lag ntseg suav nrog kev siv ntau yam kev hais lus: kev hais lus (sau thiab hais lus) thiab tsis hais lus (lus kos npe) txoj hauv kev. Qhov kawg yog lub ntsiab. Yog li ntawd, ib qho kev qhia ua qauv qhia tau tsim, uas tom qab ntawd los ua ib txoj hauv kev sib txuas lus rau cov lag ntseg thiab ruam.

Hnub Cov Neeg Lag Luam nyob Fabkis

Tus Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Fabkis tau pom zoo cov haujlwm ntawm cov pov thawj thiab muab kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag rau lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas tau dhau los ua neeg thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe. Tab sis kev pab tsis txaus, thiab tus thawj tswj hwm yuav tsum siv tag nrho nws cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev saib xyuas lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas thaum kawg ua kom puas.

Txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, cov neeg kawm tiav ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov lag ntseg thiab Dumb nyob Paris ib xyoos ib zaug ua kev zoo siab rau lub hnub yug ntawm Charles-Michel de L'Epe, kev ua koob tsheej nyob rau hauv nws hwm tau ua ib txwm ua. Nov kuj yog ib hnub lag ntseg nyob Fab Kis teb.

hnub ntawm cov lag ntseg
hnub ntawm cov lag ntseg

Tom qab ntawd, peb lub tsev tshwj xeeb ntxiv rau cov lag ntseg thiab cov neeg ruam tau tshwm sim hauv Fabkis - hauv Bordeaux, Metz, Chambéry, thiab hauv Paris nws tseem muaj. Cov lag ntseg tsis raug cais tawm hauv Fab Kis ua ib pawg, tsis muaj kev kho tshwj xeeb rau lawv - lawv ua lub neej zoo li qub.

Zaj lus

International Day of the Deaf
International Day of the Deaf

2,5 txhiab hom lus muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb. Tab sis cov lus ntawm glances thiab gestures yog ib qho ntawm feem nthuav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Rov qab rau xyoo 50th, Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Lag Luam ntawm Cov Lag Luam Lag Luam tau tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm tes taw - zhestuno. Qhov xav tau ntawm cov lus no tau tshwm sim los ua haujlwm xws li rooj sib tham, rooj sib tham, rooj sib tham, olympiads.

Thawj phau ntawv txhais lus tshaj tawm xyoo 1965 muaj peb puas taw tes, thaum xyoo 1975 muaj 1500.

Zestuno tsis yog hom lus zoo thiab muaj ntau qhov tsis txaus:

  • missing grammar rules;
  • gestures nyuaj rau siv hauv cov ntsiab lus;
  • raws li tsuas yog 4 yam lus - Askiv, Italian, Asmeskas thiab Lavxias.
lag ntseg
lag ntseg

Tom qab ntawd, xav tau ib hom lus uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog cov teeb meem no. Qhov no yog li cas thoob ntiaj teb kev sib txuas lus gestural tshwm sim, uas tsim ib txwm muaj, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev tshawb fawb. Qhov system no tso cai rau cov neeg lag ntseg thiab cov neeg ruam los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws sib txuas lus.

Tus cwj pwm rau lag ntseg thiab ruam hauv Russia

hnub so ntawm cov lag ntseg
hnub so ntawm cov lag ntseg

Hnub no hauv tebchaws Russia tseem ua kev zoo siab Hnub Ntiaj Teb Kev Lag Luam, tab sis ob peb tus neeg paub tias thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv Lavxias rau cov lag ntseg thiab cov neeg ruam tau qhib rau xyoo 1802 nyob rau hauv Alexander I. Hauv qab nws, thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab rau cov lag ntseg tau nrhiav tau raws li European qauv.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thawj zaug tsis yog nyob rau hauv Russia, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, ib tug kindergarten rau cov me nyuam lag ntseg nyob rau hauv Moscow. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov tsev kawm ntawm kev kawm rau preschoolers yognyob rau hauv ib qhov ntau. Kev kawm tshwj xeeb tau tsim los rau hauv ib qho system thiab tau tsim tsuas yog thaum xyoo 1930s. xyoo pua xeem. Yog li ntawd los ntawm nruab nrab-1990s. Nyob rau xyoo 20th, muaj txog 84 lub tsev kawm rau cov lag ntseg (uas muaj txog 11,500 tus neeg kawm), 76 lub tsev kawm rau kev hnov lus, tab sis tsis muaj zog (lawv muaj 10,000 tus neeg). Tam sim no, cov tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb uas cov kws qhia ntawv tsim nyog tau qhia tau nce ntxiv. Thiab Hnub Thoob Ntiaj Teb ntawm Cov Neeg Lag Luam Lag Luam hauv cov chaw kawm ntawv no yog ib lub hnub so tseem ceeb.

Rau cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem tsis hnov lus hauv cov nroog loj ntawm Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, Yekaterinburg) muaj lub sijhawm los npaj lawv tus menyuam mus kawm hauv cov tsev kawm tshwj xeeb thiab mus saib cov tsev kawm no raws li tus qauv tsim txhua hnub. Lub xeev tau coj tus neeg lag ntseg los ntawm kev yug los nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev saib xyuas thiab tswj rov qab rau hauv lub sijhawm Soviet. Muaj ib txoj kev kawm tau zoo: pib hauv qib kindergarten, txuas ntxiv hauv tsev kawm ntawv nce qib, tom qab ntawd cov tsev kawm ua haujlwm thiab tsev kawm qib siab.

Deaf Education System

Hnub Ua Lag Luam rau Me Nyuam
Hnub Ua Lag Luam rau Me Nyuam

Qhov system no tau khaws cia rau hnub no. Lub vaj muaj peev xwm txais tau cov me nyuam los ntawm 1.5 xyoo. Hauv cov nroog uas tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb cov tsev kawm ntawv rau cov menyuam lag ntseg, pab pawg tshwj xeeb tau qhib rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv zoo tib yam. Cov menyuam yaus raug qhia tsis yog tsuas yog nyeem cov ntawv hloov mus rau lawv lub peev xwm, sau ntawv, sib txuas lus siv cov tsiaj ntawv dactyl, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm nrog tus menyuam txoj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb, kev loj hlob ntawm lawv tus kheej "Kuv". Lawv ua si nrog lawv, npajtxhua yam kev ua si lom zem. Hnub lag ntseg kuj ua kev zoo siab txhua xyoo. Rau cov menyuam yaus, qhov no yog hnub so tiag tiag.

All-Russian Society of the Deaf (VOG)

Txhua-Lavxias tebchaw ntawm cov neeg uas tsis hnov lus tsis zoo, tsim nyob rau xyoo 1926, tseem muaj niaj hnub no. Tseem muaj ntau dua 90,000 tus neeg lag ntseg koom ua ke hauv ib lub zej zog loj.

Lub Koom Haum Neeg Lag Luam Lavxias teb sab muaj 76 lub cheeb tsam thiab yuav luag 900 ceg ntoo hauv zos uas ua haujlwm rau cov neeg lag ntseg nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Lub zej zog no suav nrog ntau dua 340 lub koom haum ntawm kev coj noj coj ua (ob qho tib si hauv cheeb tsam thiab hauv zos), Moscow Theatre ntawm Mimicry thiab Gesture, cov chaw kho mob thiab cov koom haum.

Main tasks of VOG

Tiv thaiv cov cai thiab txhim kho lub neej ntawm tus neeg lag ntseg - cov no yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm VOG. Lub zej zog muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog tsoomfwv cov tub ceev xwm thiab vim li ntawd, tsoomfwv cov npe tshiab ntawm kev kho mob, nrog rau cov khoom siv thiab cov kev pabcuam uas tau muab rau cov neeg xiam oob khab dawb: cov khoom siv hnov lus, xov tooj tshwj xeeb, faxes, cov khoom siv teeb liab, TVs., kev pab txhais lus kos npe, thiab lwm yam.

Lwm txoj haujlwm ntawm VOG yog qhia rau zej zog txog lub neej ntawm cov neeg xiam oob khab, lawv cov teeb meem, thiab txoj hauv kev los daws lawv. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev ua koob tsheej hauv peb lub teb chaws ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim xws li International Day of the lag ntseg kuj yog ib feem ntawm lawv qhov zoo.

Kev cai lij choj pom zoo ntawm hom lus hauv tebchaws Russia

Tsis yog tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm VOG hauv tebchaws Russia raws caitau pom zoo cov lus kos npe thaum kawg ntawm 2012, thiab kuj tau pom zoo hloov kho rau Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai 181 "Ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb ntawm Cov Neeg Tsis Muaj Peev Xwm hauv Lavxias Federation", uas qhia meej txog cov xwm txheej ntawm cov lus kos npe hauv Lavxias teb sab, txhais tias nws yog hom lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus. nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hnov thiab / los yog hais lus teeb meem. Raws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai Lij Choj no, thaum cov neeg tsis hnov lus tau txais kev kawm, lub xeev yuav tsum tau muab cov phau ntawv tshwj xeeb, phau ntawv qhia thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv kawm, nrog rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm tus txhais lus.

Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov tseeb, txoj cai tsis raug siv ib puas feem pua. Tam sim no, tus cwj pwm ntawm hom lus tsuas hloov pauv, tab sis tsis muaj cov neeg txhais lus txaus thiab cov kws qhia ntawv tsim nyog. Nws yuav tsum tau cia siab tias qhov xwm txheej yuav hloov sai sai. Tau kawg, txhua tus nkag siab tias qhov no yuav siv sijhawm ntau dua ib hnub. Cov neeg lag ntseg yuav hnov, sai lossis tom qab! Nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas cov lag ntseg-mute thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev vam meej muaj peev xwm xa lawv tus kheej kev xav thiab kev xav los ntawm lwm yam kev xav. Muaj ntau tus neeg ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm tiag tiag ntawm lawv.

Pom zoo: