Ib yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv rab phom tua tsiaj yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qee cov qauv ntawm cov phom phom siv ib qho nyuaj sab hauv lub thoob geometry, uas yog vim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm tag nrho ntev. Hauv cov riam phom zoo li no, cov thoob muaj ob ntu - lub khob hloov pauv thiab lub qhov nqaim nqaim ntawm rab phom. Qhov nthuav ntawm cov feem yog nyob ntawm qhov kawg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab ntawm no tias nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho lub Hoobkas drilling ntawm koj tus kheej, txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum siv ntau hom mos txwv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshwj xeeb nozzles.
Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm chokes, tab sis nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau ib leeg tawm lawv ib qho kev faib, uas yuav tso cai rau xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv ib rab phom smoothbore, cov neeg yos hav zoov yuav tsum tsom mus rau lub Hoobkas cov cim. Wb sim saib seb cov chokes twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab yuav nrhiav dab tsi thaum xaiv lawv.
keeb kwm me ntsis
Chokes tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1870 los ntawm Asmeskas neeg yos hav zoov thiab tus tub luam plaub Fred Kimble. Nws xav ua kom tau qhov tseeb ntau dua thaum tua phom, yog li nws txiav txim siabsim nrog koj riam phom. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, interchangeable chokes tseem tsis tau muaj nyob (lawv tau tsim yuav luag ib puas xyoo tom qab), Kimble tsuas yog sim hloov txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub chim ntawm nws rab phom. Thiab, raws li koj xav, nws tau tswj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua.
Yuav ua li cas cuam tshuam qhov raug hluav taws kub?
Thawj zaug, Kimble tau sim nqaim qhov choke ntawm nws rab phom 10-gauge kom ntau li ntau tau, vim qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tawg tau ploj mus tag nrho. Kev ntxhov siab los ntawm qhov kev sim ua tsis tau tiav, tus neeg yos hav zoov tau rov qab lub choke ntawm nws rab phom mus rau nws lub xeev qub thiab xyuas nws qhov kev ua tau zoo. Tom qab tag nrho cov kev ntsuas tau ua, qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws tsis tsuas yog rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub, tab sis kuj tau zoo dua.
Kev tshawb fawb ceev faj txog kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav tau pom tias qhov tseeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj nthuav dav tau txhim kho vim qhov nqaim sab laug tom qab qhov kev sim ua tsis tiav. Yog li, Kimble tau xaus lus tias chokes cuam tshuam rau kev tuag ntawm riam phom.
Invention of interchangeable chokes
Tib lub sijhawm Kimble, lossis kom meej meej, 4 xyoo ua ntej nws, tus kws tua phom Askiv Marcus Pape, uas suav tias yog tus neeg tsim khoom tsis raug cai ntawm kev sib hloov chokes, patented lub thev naus laus zis tshiab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd nrog cov lus qhia ntxaws rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej me me. Cov qauv tshiab ntawm cov phom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub thoob, sib npaug rau ib chav tsev ntawm caliber, thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub khob hliav qab yog 2.5 centimeters. Nws yog ces hais tias interchangeable choke constrictions tshwm sim,uas sai sai tau koob meej thoob ntiaj teb.
xav txog dab tsi?
Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, niaj hnub no tsis muaj ib qho kev faib tawm los ntawm hom chokes, yog li txhua yam ntaub ntawv yog nyob rau hauv kev cai, thiab tsuas yog cov txheej txheem thaum xaiv rab phom tua tsiaj yog cov cim muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab riam phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib qho tseem ceeb nuance yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account: cov lus tshaj tawm tsis sib haum rau qhov xav tau qhov tseeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj davhlau ntawm qee yam phom phom qauv.
Cov hauv qab no cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws:
- hom mos txwv siv;
- paj ntev;
- riam phom caliber;
- raug xaiv choke tus nqi.
Yog tias koj xav tau qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, ces thaum xaiv lub nozzle, koj yuav tsum xoom nws. Qhov tshaj plaws yog tias, nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim ntawm choke, lub nozzle tuaj yeem txo qis thiab nce qhov tseeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj davhlau. Qhov no yog vim qhov sib txawv chokes muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub khob-rau-kho lub kaum sab xis thiab qhov ntev.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm zeroing, tus neeg yos hav zoov paub txog tuaj yeem xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws nozzle, uas yuav muaj qhov sib txawv me me thaum tua nrog ntau hom kev txhaj tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws tseem yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tus qauv ntawm ib rab phom, vim hais tias yog hais tias tus choke yuav muaj qhov tseeb siab ntawm ib tug riam phom, ces nyob rau lwm yam, qhov tshwm sim yuav ua rau qias neeg heev.
Lub hom phiaj thiab tsim nta
Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus choke tam sim no nyob hauvhnub, muaj npe raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv kev. Feem ntau hom nozzles yog rau-pipe, nrog linear qhov ntev thiab cov duab. Lawv kuj muaj lub tog raj kheej txhawb nqa nrog qhov nqaim ntawm 0.25 millimeters thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 45 feem pua. Hauv qhov no, qhov taw qhia dispersion tsis hloov txawm tias siv cov mos txwv. Koj tuaj yeem tua nrog lub nozzle tsis yog nrog buckshot thiab tua, tab sis kuj nrog cov mos txwv ntawm txhua hom.
Yam phom tua phom
Muaj ob peb hom kev yos hav zoov, tab sis cov kws txawj paub qhov txawv rau hom loj. Yuav kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv tso cai rau lub cim ntawm muzzle constrictions muab los ntawm cov manufacturers ntawm riam phom. Tag nrho cov nqi qhia hauv nws yog ntsuas hauv millimeters.
Cia peb saib ntau hom:
- C - lub tog raj kheej, lossis tswb. Tsis muaj qhov tsis pom. Tso cai hloov pauv hauv choke txoj kab uas hla yog nyob rau hauv 0.2 hli. Muab kev txhaj tshuaj zoo raug, ua kom qhov siab tshaj plaws tua ntau tshaj 25 meters thiab tso cai rau koj siv txhua hom plhaub.
- IC - lub tog raj kheej siab. Cov plob hav zoov no muaj tis. Tso cai hloov pauv hauv choke txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.15 txog 0.25 hli. Raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv, lawv zoo tib yam rau hom C, tab sis lawv muaj qhov tseeb dua ntawm hluav taws.
- M - them, txoj kab uas hla uas tuaj yeem yog 1 txog 0.5 hli. Tsis zoo li IC, nws tso cai rau koj tua tsuas yog cov mos txwv uas dhau los ntawm kev ywj pheej.
- IM - kev them nyiaj zoo dua. Nws muaj ib tug notch thiab choke, txoj kab uas hla uas ua taunyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0.2 mus rau 0.75 millimeters. Qhov tseeb ntawm cov mos txwv ya davhlau yog 60 feem pua. Zoo heev rau kev tua me me ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 50 meters.
- F - choke. Lub nozzle muaj lub choke nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.4 mus rau 1. Thaum siv kev txhaj tshuaj tsis siab tshaj qhov "peb", qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag 75 feem pua.
- XF - txhawb nqa choke nrog choke txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.5 txog 1.25 hli. Cov qauv ntawm cov phom tua tsiaj no, txawm hais tias lawv muaj qhov tseeb ntawm 85%, yog cov tsawg dua. Lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kev ntaus pob ncaws pob, qhov uas qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Raws li cov mos txwv, cov qauv no yog tsim los tua tsuas yog txhaj tshuaj tsis siab tshaj "xya".
Peb tau npog cov phom tseem ceeb, yog li tam sim no peb tau paub tias cov nozzles thiab choke raj twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv kom ua tiav qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub.
Ntau yam chokes
Yog li, peb tau txiav txim siab ntau hom choke. Tam sim no tham txog hom chokes uas tsis tshua nyiam.
Cov no suav nrog:
- LF - phom phom. Tsim los rau cov neeg yos hav zoov tshaj lij. Qhov kev tua hluav taws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 150 meters, uas tso cai rau koj mus tua tsiaj loj. Thaum siv kev txhaj tshuaj, qhov kev ua haujlwm tua tau poob qis heev.
- OSCH - mob plab heev. Lub choke calibers muaj li ntawm 1.25 mus rau 1.45 millimeters. Tsim los rau kev ntaus pob ncaws pob,yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog siv rau kev yos hav zoov. Nws muaj qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thaum siv kev txhaj tshuaj tsis siab tshaj qhov "yim". Coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thaum tua lwm qhov projectiles.
Yog koj tab tom nrhiav kev yos hav zoov, hom uas tau tham saum toj no yuav tsis yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias lawv tsim nyog rau cov neeg ncaws pob ntau dua.
Nozzle rau "Vepr-12" 430 mm
Txoj hlua khi txuas. Nws muaj ib tug muzzle constriction ntawm 1 mm. Thaum tua me me, qhov tseeb tuaj yeem ncav cuag 75 feem pua. Kev siv phom loj thiab buckshot tsis pom zoo, vim tias riam phom yuav coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntau dua, qhov tseeb yuav phem dua.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm lub nozzle yog lub zog choke, uas ncav cuag 1.25 millimeters. Ua tsaug rau qhov choke, qhov tseeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj davhlau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 85 feem pua txawm tias thaum tua nyob deb. Tsis yog siv rau kev txhaj tshuaj loj thiab buckshot, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tus choke yuav yooj yim unpredictable. Nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis thauj cov mos txwv txhua, nws tuaj yeem tsoo lub chim ntawm nws.
Choke - phom, muaj cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau koj tua hluav taws ntawm qhov ntev ntev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tua hluav taws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 150 meters, uas tso cai rau koj mus ua lag luam nrog tsiaj loj. Raws li cov mos txwv, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb rau kev tua, vim tias qhov ua tau zoo thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov hluav taws muaj zog heev los ntawm buckshot thiab txhaj tshuaj.poob.
Nozzle rau "Remington 870 Express Magnum"
Lub khob hloov pauv ntawm lub nozzle rau tus qauv ntawm rab phom no muaj qhov nqaim ntawm li 0.5 millimeters, vim qhov tseeb ntawm qhov txhaj tshuaj mus txog 55 feem pua. Yog tias koj tsis paub dab tsi choke tua koj cov mos txwv nrog, qhov txuas no yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo vim nws tso cai rau koj siv txhua hom ammo. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub thoob thiab lub cev mos txwv yog 0.5 millimeters. Qhov nqaim ntawm choke yog 0.75 millimeters, uas tso cai rau koj ua kom qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws mus txog 65%.
Txoj Kev Qhia Txog
Yog tias koj tuaj rau hauv lub khw rau lub choke tshiab, ces hom nozzle thiab nws qhov ntev yog nyob deb ntawm cov qauv nkaus xwb uas koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau thaum yuav. Cov kws tshaj lij kuj pom zoo kom coj mus rau hauv tus account tus qauv tsim, txij li qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov geometry ntawm lub thoob. Piv txwv li, txhua tus neeg yos hav zoov paub paub tias cov nozzles luv luv muaj qhov zoo tshaj qhov kev tua zoo dua piv rau cov ntev, tab sis yog tias tsis xaiv lub kaum sab xis ntawm txoj kev hloov hauv lawv, cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li.
Producers
Nozzles rau tua phom yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab phom lawv tus kheej. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Beretta, Benelli, Browning thiab Fabarm. Qhov zoo ntawm rab phom phom los ntawm cov tuam txhab no paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Raws li rau Lavxias teb sab hom, ntau tus neeg yos hav zoov hais lus zoo ntawm rab phom los ntawm Vyatka-Polyansky Machine-Building Plant thiab TOZ.
Raws li nws tau muab tawm, niaj hnub no muaj kev xaiv ntau ntawm chokes, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej zoo. Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias ib qho ntawm lawv zoo dua lossis phem dua. Nws tag nrho nyob ntawm seb koj xav tau dab tsi rau. Raws li txoj cai pricing, nws txawv. Nws qhov ntau yog nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog cov chaw tsim khoom xaiv.
