Chersky Ridge, Russia - piav qhia, keeb kwm thiab nthuav tseeb

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:50

thaj chaw ntawm North-Eastern Siberia loj heev. Nws suav nrog txhua yam uas nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm tus dej loj Lena, ua ke nrog cov bass ntawm Indigirka, Yana, Alazeya thiab Kolyma, uas nqa lawv cov dej mus rau Arctic Dej hiav txwv. Nws cheeb tsam tag nrho yog sib npaug rau ib nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe, tab sis muaj ntau lub roob. Cov ridges, txuas thiab intertwining rau hauv cov pob caus, stretch rau ob peb txhiab kilometers.

Ntawm thaj chaw roob no yog ib lub roob loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia - Chersky Range, uas yuav tau tham hauv kab lus no.

Keeb Kwm Luv luv ntawm Northeast Siberia Tshawb Fawb

Muaj ib zaug, cov roob Siberian tau hla los ntawm Cossack cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tsiv los ntawm ib lub pas dej mus rau lwm qhov. Lub roob roob loj no, nyob tom qab Baikal thiab Lena, thaiv txoj kev mus rau Daurian steppes thiab mus rau dej hiav txwv loj tshaj.

Ntau tus tau kawm lub roob roob no, tab sisrau ob centuries, tsis muaj leej twg tau ua tiav cov lus piav qhia thiab mapped. Tau ntev, txog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, nws tseem yog "qhov chaw dawb huv". Tsuas yog ib tus neeg, nrog rau thiab hla txoj hauv kev los ntawm nws, ua kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb thiab tau mus txog qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub teb chaws zoo kawg no yuav luag txog thaum nws tuag. Nws yog Yan Dementievich Chersky (ib haiv neeg ntawm Lithuania), raug ntiab tawm mus rau Siberia tom qab koom nrog 1863 Polish uprising. Nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb, ib lub ridges ntawm North-Eastern Siberia, Chersky, tau txais nws lub npe.

Chersky Ya. D. tau siv sijhawm 8 xyoo hauv Omsk, thiab lub sijhawm xyoo no nws tus kheej thiab kawm tob heev txog thaj chaw, biology thiab geology ntawm thaj av loj no. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm tau ua los ntawm nws, Geographical Society (Siberian Department) tau ua tiav kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb mus rau Irkutsk, rau nws txoj kev koom tes ntxiv hauv kev kawm tob ntawm Siberia. Nyob rau hauv 1885, nws raug hu los ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences mus rau St. Petersburg, los ntawm qhov chaw uas nws raug xa mus rau lub pas dej Baikal mus kawm lub geology ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm lub cim ntuj reservoir. Tom qab ntawd, hauv Kolyma, Chersky tau koom nrog kev txhim kho ntawm qhov chaw uas cov pob txha seem ntawm mammoths tau pom, thiab txij li xyoo 1891 nws tau koom nrog kev ntoj ke mus ncig uas tshawb txog thaj tsam subpolar ntawm tus dej phwj. Yana, Kolyma thiab Indigirka.

Nyob rau xyoo 1892, Lub Rau Hli 25, thaum mus ncig, ID Chersky tuag. Nws raug muab faus rau ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej. Omolon (txoj cai tributary ntawm Kolyma). Nws tus poj niam Mavra txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev tshawb fawb, tom qab ntawd nws xa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv mus rau Academy of Sciences.

ID Chersky tau ua haujlwm loj rau kev kawm txog thaj chaw thiab thaj chaw ntawm Siberian thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Lub Chersky Ridge rightfully bears lub npetus neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo heev.

thaj chaw thaj chaw ntawm North-Eastern Siberia

Thaj chaw loj no txuas mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub hav ntawm Lena thiab Aldan tus dej (kuj qis), los ntawm Verkhoyansky Ridge mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv Bering. Thiab nyob rau sab qab teb thiab sab qaum teb nws raug ntxuav los ntawm hiav txwv Pacific thiab Arctic dej hiav txwv. Nws cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv qhia captures ob sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob hemispheres. Qhov chaw sab hnub tuaj tshaj plaws ntawm Eurasia thiab, raws li, Russia yog nyob rau ntawm Chukotka Peninsula.

Qhov chaw thaj chaw tshwj xeeb no tau txiav txim siab ua ntej rau thaj chaw no los ntawm cov xwm txheej hnyav nrog qhov ci, sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev thiab thaj chaw.

Russia ib feem ntawm no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv: lub roob nruab nrab ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws mus rau qhov loj dua, muaj cov toj siab, toj siab thiab lowlands.

Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog lub ridge

Lub Chersky Ridge tau tshawb pom thiab piav qhia meej los ntawm S. V. Obruchev hauv xyoo 1926.

Tus dej loj tshaj plaws ntawm thaj chaw: Indigirka thiab nws cov ceg ntoo - Kev txiav txim siab thiab Moma; Kolyma (nws qhov siab tshaj). Cov chaw nyob ntawm Indigirka: Belaya Gora, Oymyakon, Chokurdakh, Ust-Khonuu, Nera. Cov chaw nyob rau sab saud ntawm Kolyma: Seimchan, Zyryanka, Verkhnekolymsk.

tshav dav hlau: hauv Magadan, hauv Yakutsk.

Chersky Range nyob qhov twg?

Hauv qhov tseem ceeb, Chersky Ridge tsis yog lub voj voog, tab sis yog lub roob txuas ntxiv. Nws nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuajib feem ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia, nruab nrab ntawm kev nyuaj siab Momo-Selennyakh nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub poob ntawm Yano-Oymyakon highlands. Lub rift system, ua ke nrog cov ridges mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm nws, qee zaum kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub ridge. Kev tswj hwm, thaj chaw no yog nyob rau Yakutia (Lub Tebchaws ntawm Sakha) thiab thaj av Magadan.

Qhov loj ntawm qhov system: Kurundya (qhov siab - 1919 meters), Hadaranya (txog 2185 meters), Dogdo (2272 meters), Tac-Khayakhtakh (2356 meters), Chibagalakhsky (2449 m), Chemalginsky (2547 meters), Borong (2681 meters), Silyapsky (qhov siab txog 2703 m) thiab Ulakhan-Chistai (txog 3003 m).

Chersky Ridge yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw kawg uas tau cim rau hauv daim ntawv qhia thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Nws tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1926 los ntawm S. V. Obruchev thiab lub npe, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, tom qab tus kws tshawb fawb-koom haum Chersky ID

Composition, piav qhia ntawm lub ridge

Nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub roob (interfluve ze Indigirka thiab Yana) muaj cov nram qab no: Kurundya (txog 1919 m), Hadaranya (txog 2185 m), Dogdo (txog 2272 m), Tas-Khayakhtakh (txog 2356 m), Chibagalakhsky (txog 2449 m), Chemalginsky (txog 2547 m), Silyapsky (2703 m), Borong (2681 m) thiab lwm yam., Cherge (2332 m) thiab lwm yam.

Qhov siab ntawm Chersky Ridge ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws (Mount Pobeda) yog 3003 meters (3147 meters raws li cov ntaub ntawv qub).

Nyob toj roob hauv pes kho siab heev li os. Feem ntau ntawm lub roob yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm alpine nyem, thiab kev nyuaj siabtectonic - toj roob hauv pes. Momo-Selennyakh kev nyuaj siab yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj 372 glaciers nyob rau hauv cov roob, uas ntev tshaj (9000 meters) yog lub npe hu ua Chersky. Vim lub fact tias cov daus muaj ib tug xoob qauv, avalanches feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm no. Cov dej ntws ntws los ntawm qhov tob tob nrog cov ntug. Cov hav zoov deciduous tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog nyob rau sab qis ntawm qhov chaw siab thiab hauv hav, feem ntau thickets ntawm Siberian dwarf ntoo thuv loj tuaj ntawm no.

Kev kawm, geology, minerals

Lub ridge tau tsim thaum lub sij hawm Mesozoic folding, faib thaum lub sij hawm Alpine folding rau hauv nyias blocks, ib co ntawm cov uas ntog (hu ua grabens), thiab ib co sawv (horsts). Roob nruab nrab qhov siab yeej ntawm no.

Lub ncov ntawm Chersky Ridge (Chibagalakhsky, Ulakhan-Chistai, thiab lwm yam), nce mus txog 2500 meters, yog qhov txawv ntawm alpine nyem thiab muaj cov dej khov ntev ntev. Lub axial ib feem ntawm lub roob yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb metamorphosed carbonate ntawm lub hnub nyoog Paleozoic, thiab cov marginal feem yog tsim los ntawm strata (marine thiab continental) ntawm Permian hnub nyoog ntawm Triassic thiab Jurassic lub sij hawm. Cov no feem ntau yog sandstones, shales thiab siltstones. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw cov pob zeb no muaj zog intrusion ntawm granitoids, qhov twg muaj deposits ntawm tin, kub, thee thiab xim av coal, thiab lwm yam minerals. Lub Chersky Ridge yog lwm qhov khoom muaj nqis ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab hauv.

Huab cuaxwm txheej

Kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Chersky Ridge yog qhov nyuaj heev hauv teb chaws - hnyav heev. Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb huab cua Suntar Khayata (tsim nyob rau hauv 1956), nyob rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 2070 meters, nws yog warmer nyob rau hauv lub glaciers ntawm lub roob junction tshaj nyob rau hauv lub basins ntawm lub roob. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom nyob rau lub caij ntuj no: qhov kub ntawm qhov saum toj ntawm lub ridges yog li ntawm -34 mus rau -40 ° C, thiab nyob rau hauv qis dua nws mus txog -60 ° C.

Lub caij ntuj sov ntawm no yog luv luv thiab txias, nrog cov daus ntog thiab te. Lub Xya hli ntuj kub nce nruab nrab ntawm 3 ° C nyob rau hauv highlands mus rau 13 ° C nyob rau hauv lub hav. Kwv yees li 75% ntawm tag nrho cov nag lossis daus poob rau lub caij ntuj sov (txog 700 hli hauv ib xyoos). Permafrost nyob txhua qhov chaw.

kev lom zem

Cov cheeb tsam thiab ib puag ncig ntawm Chersky roob muaj qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj:

Momsky Natural National Park (npog lub roob hluav taws uas ploj lawm Balagan-Taas thiab Mount Pobeda);
Buordah massif (txoj kev ncig ncig uas nyiam tshaj plaws hla ntawm no).

Nyob hauv lub nroog Yakutsk muaj cov tsev khaws puav pheej zoo: kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg ntawm sab qaum teb, lub teb chaws suab paj nruag ntawm Yakut (khomus), mammoth, lub teb chaws kos duab. Lub chaw soj nstuam ntawm Permafrost lub koom haum thiab lub chaw khaws cia ntawm Shergin kuj tseem txaus siab tuaj xyuas. Nyob rau hauv lub underground pantry, thawj zaug nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, lub minus kub ntawm pob zeb nyob rau hauv loj qhov tob tau ntsuas. Qhov no ua pov thawj tias muaj permafrost.

Ntxim qab kawgfacts

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thawj zaug los ntawm thaj chaw Chersky, thiab tsis yog los ntawm nws xwb, lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub roob mus unnoticed. Nws tau pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1945 nrog kev pab los ntawm aerial photography ntawm lub roob hlws ris, uas tau ua nyob rau hauv lub Upper nce mus txog ntawm tus dej Indigirka, Okhota thiab Yudoma. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, nws tau txiav txim siab tias nws qhov siab tshaj qhov dej hiav txwv yog 3147 meters. Nws yog xav paub tias lub roob nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Gulag yog Ameslikas lub npe hu ua Lavrenty Beria. Tom qab ntawd, nws lub npe tau hloov mus rau Pobeda Peak. Climbers thawj zaug kov yeej nws hauv 1966.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem muaj sia nyob ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Chersky muaj qhov qhia tau tias muaj qee qhov tsis raug hauv qhov chaw ntawm roob toj siab ntawm thaj chaw thaj chaw ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia hauv Russia. Tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau txiav txim siab tam sim ntawd cov lus xaus, thiab rau 35 xyoo, txog rau thaum Chersky tuag, tag nrho cov ridges tau piav qhia tsis raug - lawv cov kev taw qhia yog meridional, thiab es tsis txhob ntawm qee lub ncov, xws li lowlands lossis toj siab tau pom. Geologist S. V. Obruchev tau kawm txog cov duab qhia chaw thiab cov ntawv teev cia ntawm I. D. Chersky kom zoo dua nyob rau xyoo 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Tus tub ntawm tus naas ej geography thiab geologist, kev kawm VA, uas ua hauj lwm rau Novaya Zemlya thiab Svalbard. Obruchev, nyob rau hauv 1926 nws mus rau thaj tsam ntawm qhov mysterious heev "dawb chaw" nrog ib tug ntoj ke mus kawm.

Zoo kawg

M. Stadukhin tau mus ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv lub roob zoo nkauj no hu ua Chersky Range, V. Poyarkov hla nws mus rau Amur, thiab I. Moskvitin mus rau lub hiav txwv Pacific loj. Tau ntev, G. Sarychev kuj tau taug kev raws nws, thiab F. Wrangel xyoo 1820 dhau los ntawm Yakutsk mus rau Srednekolymsk. Ntau tus neeg tshawb nrhiav thiab cov neeg taug kev tau kawm cov toj roob hauv pes no, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm cov lus zais ntawm thaj av sab qaum teb uas nyob deb no.

Tsuas yog Ya. D. Chersky tswj kom paub ntau ntxiv thiab raug tshawb nrhiav thiab piav qhia txog thaj chaw ntawm lub roob no txawv txawv.