Tsim kom muaj lub ntsej muag me me, hauv khw muag khoom uas muaj ntau cov cartridges yuav haum, tau ua los ntawm ntau tus neeg tsim qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov qauv ntawm cov phom submachine tau ua tiav. Cov teeb meem tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev siv cov ntawv xov xwm muaj peev xwm loj hauv cov qauv tsim ua rau muaj kev nce hauv qhov ntev thiab qhov loj ntawm riam phom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav nyuaj dua, tus neeg tua neeg yuav tsum siv sijhawm ntau ntxiv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm lub khw. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tau tso tseg cov neeg tua phom. Ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phom submachine twb tau tsim. Cov lus piav qhia, cov cuab yeej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus.
Qhia rau riam phom
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, xws li lub ntsiab lus zoo li rab phom submachine (PP) tsis muaj kev vam meej tag nrho rau kev xaiv lub phom phom. Nws yuav yooj yim rau tus neeg tsis paub txog kev tsis meej pem. Tej zaum nws yuav zoo li cov yam ntxwv ntawm rab yaj phom thiab rab phom tshuab ua ke hauv cov riam phom no. Qhov tseeb, PP yog hom kev ywj pheej ntawm caj npab me. Ib rab phom submachine yog ntau dua ntawm rab phom submachine uas tau hloov kho kom haum rau cov phom phom phom. Yog li, SMG yog suav tias yog ib qho riam phom tsis siv neeg uas muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws tsis tu ncua. Vim qhov loj thiab qhov ntev, rab phom submachine tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog rab yaj phom tsis siv neeg. Txij li thaum SMG siv cov phom phom uas tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, cov phom no tsis tuaj yeem yog rab phom tshuab thiab phom phom.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm PP yog dab tsi?
Tsis zoo li rab phom tua phom thiab rab phom submachine, rab phom submachine yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tswv yim yooj yim ntawm automation thiab tsim tag nrho. PP yog sib dua thiab tsis loj li. Kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv no yog pheej yig dua. Submachine phom muaj qhov hluav taws kub siab - txog li 1250 lub plhaub tuaj yeem raug rho tawm hauv ib feeb. Tsis zoo li cov phom ntev thiab cov khoom nruab nrab, cov phom phom phom tua hluav taws tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog qis. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thaum tua los ntawm PP, qhov qis qis ntawm txoj kev sib tw thiab tsis muaj zog ua kom puas ntawm cov phiaj xwm tau raug sau tseg.
PP-91
Tus qauv phom no yog rab phom Lavxias teb sab submachine "Kedr", tsim nyob rau hauv 90s los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Ministry of Internal Affairs ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Lub hauv paus rau riam phom yog PP-71 ntawm Soviet designer E. F. Dragunov, tus tsim ntawm lub legendary SVD. Kedr submachine rab phom yog yoog rau kev tua nrog tus qauv 9x18 mm PM cartridge. Lub thawv ntawv xov xwm tau nruab nrog 20 thiab 30 puag ncig ntawm mos txwv. PP-91 nrog tus qauv yooj yim thiab thev naus laus zis.
Device
Tsis siv neeg ua haujlwm vim tsis pub kaw lub kaw lus. Cov riam phom yog yoog rau tsis siv neeg thiab ib leeg tua. Tus tsim ntawm PP-91 muaj ib lub duab plaub nrog lub hau, pom, lub tshuab tua hluav taws, lub xub pwg so, lub thawv ntawv xov xwm, ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub tshuab xa rov qab. Muab tus pas ntsuas kev nyab xeeb rau sab xis ntawm lub receiver ze ntawm qhov txhais. Thaum pib ntawm kev tua, lub shutter yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej txoj hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov hmoov gases, nws hloov mus rau nram qab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv siv cartridge tau muab rho tawm, rauj yog cocked thiab rov qab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog compressed. Nws thawb lub shutter mus rau pem hauv ntej txoj hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd cov mos txwv tom ntej yog xa los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm mus rau lub chamber thiab lub thoob channel raug kaw. Lub rab phom tuav yog ua los ntawm cov yas uas muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yog tias tsim nyog, lub pob tw ntawm rab phom submachine yog yooj yim rau quav. Siv PP-91, koj tuaj yeem ntaus lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb txog li 100 m. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, kev tua tau zoo dua ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 25 m. Ua tsaug rau nws cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo, PP-91 tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev siv PP-91. cov kws tshaj lij. Cov phom submachine yog siv los ntawm cov neeg sau khoom, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Ministry of Internal Affairs, Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Tswj Xyuas Tshuaj, Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Pab Cuam Tshuam. PP-91 yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab tsim khoom hauv nroog Zlatoust.
TTX
- Submachine phom calibre - 9 mm.
- Cov mos txwv siv yog 9x18 mm Makarov rab yaj phom cartridges.
- Nrog cov khoom ntim, qhov ntev ntawm PP-91 yog 31 cm, nrog cov khoom nthuav tawm - 54.
- Barrel length - 12 cm.
- Nyhav PP 1.4kg.
- Nyob rau hauv ib feebtuaj yeem raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm 800 txog 1,000 txhaj tshuaj.
- Lub qhov nrawm ntawm cov mos txwv yog 310 m / s.
cua variant
PP-91 tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau rab phom pneumatic submachine. Kev tua los ntawm cua riam phom yog nqa tawm nrog cov pob hlau ntawm 4.5 hli caliber. Thawj qhov ceev ntawm lub pob yog 70 m / s. "Pnevmat" yog nruab nrog 12-gram lub tog raj kheej ntawm carbon dioxide. Txog li 600 txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem raug rho tawm haujlwm ib feeb. Qhov cub hnyav 1.5 kg. Tus qauv tua no raug nqi txog $300.
Thompson submachine gun
Nyob rau xyoo 1915, US Navy tus tub ceev xwm John B. Blish tau tsim ib lub breechblock semi-dawb nruab nrog tshwj xeeb tooj liab H-shaped liner uas ua rau nws qeeb. Sib cuam tshuam nrog cov grooves nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub bolt lub thawv, cov liners tuav lub bolts nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej txoj hauj lwm thaum pib ntawm firing. Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov hmoov siab nyob rau hauv lub chim channel txo, cov liners sawv thiab xauv lub bolts. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov retarder liners yog ib qho zoo rau kev tsim ntawm Thompson submachine phom. PP tso cai firing nyob rau hauv tsis siv neeg thiab ib hom. Thawj cov qauv yog nrog ib tug complex percussion mechanism. Nws yog ib tug me me daim duab peb sab lever mounted nyob rau hauv lub bolt ncej. Lub lever no cuam tshuam nrog tus ntaus nruas thaum lub sijhawm thaum pawg bolt nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws. Kev tua tau ua tiav nrog lub qhov rooj qhib.
Nyob rau hauv tus qauv M1A1, lub lever tau hloov los ntawm ib tug striker tsau nyob rau hauv lub bolt khob. Siv PP nrog lub kaw lus qhib. Niaj hnubtus kheej-loading version ntawm M1927A1 nrog ib tug pa txhais mechanism. Koj tuaj yeem tua los ntawm xws li PP nrog lub kaw lus kaw. Cov riam phom yog nruab nrog ib tug pem hauv ntej pom thiab ib tug ua ke. Rau Thompson PP, lub thawv-zoo li ob kab ntawv xov xwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 20 thiab 30 mos txwv tau tsim. Ib qho kev hloov pauv thib ob ntawm cov mos txwv kuj tau muab - nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nruas, lub peev xwm ntawm 50 thiab 100 rounds. Nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov phom submachine, complex hlau-txiav tshuab tau koom tes nrog, vim hais tias cov khoom siv ntawm riam phom yog kim heev. Nrog rau cov nyiaj hli nruab nrab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd ntawm 60 US las, ib lub phom phom raug nqi li ntawm 230. Vim nws qhov hnyav thiab siab rhiab heev rau qhov zoo ntawm cov mos txwv, PP tsis tau los ua lub hauv paus me me hauv Asmeskas Tub Rog. Txawm hais tias muaj hluav taws kub tsis tau ncua sijhawm, tsoomfwv Asmeskas tau txiav txim siab tias cov tub rog tsis xav tau rab phom submachine. Lub Thompson SMG tau siv dav los ntawm mafia thiab tub ceev xwm.
Hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm 1928 Thompson SMG
- rab phom submachine yog tsim los tua 45 ACP cartridge, calibre 11, 43 mm.
- Nrog cov mos txwv khoob, riam phom hnyav tsis tshaj 4.55 kg.
- PP yog nruab nrog lub thawv ntawv xov xwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 20 mos txwv (qhov loj ntawm ib rab phom loj nce yuav luag 1 kg) lossis cov ntawv xov xwm disk nrog 50 puag ncig (qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom nce ntau dua 2 kg). Yog tias daim ntawv xov xwm disc tau txuas nrog rab phom submachine, qhov hnyav ntawm PP tshaj 8 kg.
- Hauv ib feeb, tus neeg tua rog tuaj yeem ua tauhluav taws mus txog 700 txhaj tshuaj.
- Qhov taw qhia ntawm lub hom phiaj, nyob ntawm qhov hloov pauv ntawm PP, txawv ntawm 100 txog 150 m.
PPD
Hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, Degtyarev submachine phom (PPD-34) tau tsim. Cov riam phom tau muaj npe tom qab tus tsim qauv Soviet V. Degtyarev. Xyoo 1934, tus qauv phom loj tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog cov tub rog Soviet. Qhov kev hloov kho kawg tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1940. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis, nws tau teev tseg raws li PPD-40. Degtyarev submachine rab phom yog thawj Soviet loj-tsim riam phom tsis siv neeg. Nws tau tsim txog thaum xyoo 1942.
PPD tau siv dav hauv kev ua tsov rog Soviet-Finnish, thiab tom qab ntawd - hauv Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Tom qab ntawd tus qauv phom no tau hloov nrog rab phom Shpagin submachine, uas, raws li Soviet gunsmiths, yog pheej yig dua thiab ntau dua technologically advanced. Automation ua haujlwm siv lub zog recoil ntawm lub shutter dawb. Lub chim channel yog txawm peem rau nrog plaub txoj cai-tes rifling. Lub PPD muaj ib qho perforated casing, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau lub tshuab automation, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv tus neeg tua tes ntawm kev kub hnyiab. Hauv thawj version ntawm PPD, tsis muaj fuse. Nws tshwm sim hauv cov qauv tom ntej. Lub fuse thaiv lub kaw lus thiab, raws li cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tau, tsis ntseeg tau txaus. Muaj ntau qhov kev tsis txaus siab txog cov fuses ntawm PP hnav. Cov phom submachine tau nruab nrog cov ntawv xov xwm ob-kab kab, tsim los rau 25 lub mos txwv. Thaum lub sijhawm tua, lub khw tau siv los ua tus kov. Xyoo 1940 lawv tsimnruas-hom khw muag khoom, lub peev xwm ntawm uas tau nce mus rau 71 rounds. Cov haujlwm ntawm kev pom cov cuab yeej tau ua los ntawm kev pom pem hauv ntej thiab kev pom kev pom. Txij li thaum rab phom submachine overheated thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, cov fighters raug yuam kom tua nyob rau hauv luv luv tawg. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov riam phom yog theoretically haum rau aimed shooting mus txog 500 m, qhov tseeb, nws muaj peev xwm mus ntaus lub hom phiaj tsuas yog los ntawm 300 m. Raws li cov kws txawj, cov mos txwv phom khaws cia zoo heev ballistics thiab tuag quab yuam mus txog 800 m.
Hais txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm PPD
- Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm rab phom submachine yog 77.8 cm.
- Kev tua tau ua tiav nrog 7, 62x25 TT rab yaj phom.
- Nyhav PPD nrog tag nrho cov mos txwv 5, 4 kg.
- Lub hom phiaj yog 500 m.
- Txog 1100 txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem raug rho tawm ib feeb.
- Tus projectile tawm ntawm lub thoob channel ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 500 m / s.
About the Sudaev submachine gun
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij riam phom, cov tub rog Soviet phom yog cov yam ntxwv los ntawm kev yooj yim thiab kev tsim khoom siab. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv rau cov kev txwv xws li kev ntseeg tau thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm riam phom tsim nyob rau hauv wartime. Xyoo 1942, Sudayev submachine phom (PPS) tau tsim.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, tus qauv no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab qhov tseeb Spartan simplicity. PPS submachine rab phom yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws caj npab me hauv nws chav kawm thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj. Qauv rauarmed nrog Red Army txij thaum 1942. Qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm Sudaev submachine phom yog Sestroretsk Tool Cog hauv nroog Leningrad. 26 txhiab phom phom tau tsim. Xyoo 1943, kev hloov kho tshiab tau tsim, uas tau teev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev ua PPS-43. Cov phom submachine yog nruab nrog cov khoom luv luv thiab lub thoob. Cov kev hloov me me cuam tshuam lub latch hauv lub xub pwg so thiab lub fuse. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus tsim qauv ua lub receiver casing thiab lub thawv ua ib thooj. Nrog PPS-43, nws muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws nrog lub qhov rooj qhib. Cov riam phom ua haujlwm los ntawm kev hloov lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj mus rau qhov chaw tom qab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv PPS los ntawm overheating, nws lub taub ntim tau nruab nrog lub qhov tshwj xeeb uas muab cua txias rau riam phom. Lub receiver yog nruab nrog ib tug loj shutter, uas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib tug reciprocating mainspring. Nws tau txuas nrog lub pas nrig qhia tshwj xeeb. Lub shutter yog ib qho reflector, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoom siv tau muab rho tawm. Hom kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus txhais tau muab rau kev tua tsuas yog hauv hom tsis siv neeg.
Txij li thaum, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, PPS-43 muaj qhov hluav taws kub tsawg, nws tuaj yeem tua tau luv luv uas siv ob peb lub mos txwv. Cov mos txwv tau nqa tawm los ntawm ob kab ntawv xov xwm, lub peev xwm ntawm 35 rounds ntawm 7, 62x25 mm TT pistols. Kev pom pem hauv ntej thiab qhov yooj yim tig rov qab pom tau siv los ua qhov pom, uas tuaj yeem hloov kho rau kev tua ntawm 100 thiab 200m.
PPSh
Thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj, Shpagin submachine rab phom tau los ua cov caj npab me nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub rog Soviet. Cov qauv no tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim cartridge ntawm 7, 62x25 mm rab yaj phom TT. Tsis zoo li PPS, PPSh tuaj yeem tua ob qho tib si txhaj tshuaj thiab tawg ntev. Lub thoob khib nyiab kuj tau nruab nrog lub qhov txias txias. Thaum xub thawj, PPSh tau nruab nrog lub ntsej muag pom. Tsis ntev nws tau hloov los ntawm crossover. Cov mos txwv tau muab los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nruas, lub peev xwm ntawm 71 mos txwv. Txij li thaum nws tsis txhim khu kev qha txaus - nws feem ntau wedged thiab khov ntawm sub-zero kub - nws tau hloov nrog carob tsim rau 35 mos txwv. PPSh muaj qhov hluav taws kub siab: tsawg kawg 20 lub plhaub tau ya tawm ntawm lub thoob channel ib ob.
Shpagin submachine phom tau ua pov thawj tias yog riam phom tua neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Vim muaj hluav taws kub thiab nkag mus rau cov khoom, PPSh paub ntawm cov tub rog Soviet ua "trench broom".
