Ancient Nyiv: kab lis kev cai thiab kev lis kev cai ntawm cov Islands tuaj

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:48

Ancient Nyiv Pooj Teb yog txheej txheej xwm txheej uas qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 3 BC. BC. - III xyoo pua. AD, thiab qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau txuas ntxiv mus txog rau xyoo pua 9th. AD Raws li koj tau pom, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm lub xeev nyob rau hauv lub Japanese Islands tuaj tau ncua, thiab lub sij hawm ntawm lub ancient kingdoms sai sai muab txoj kev mus rau lub feudal system. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim lub cheeb tsam nyob ib ncig ntawm lub archipelago, thiab txawm hais tias cov neeg nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov raws li 17 txhiab xyoo dhau los, kev sib txuas nrog lub mainland yog heev episodic. Tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo pua 5 BC. ntawm no lawv pib cog lub teb chaws, tiam sis haiv neeg tseem yog haiv neeg.

Ancient Nyiv Pooj Teb cov ntaub ntawv me me thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj. Thawj qhov kev hais tawm rau cov Islands tuaj yog cov Suav thiab hnub rov qab mus rau qhov pib ntawm peb lub sijhawm. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 8th AD suav nrog thawj phau ntawv keeb kwm Japanese: "Kojiki" thiab "Nihongi", thaumCov thawj coj ntawm pawg neeg Yamato uas sawv tawm hauv pem hauv ntej muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj los ua pov thawj rau cov neeg qub, thiab yog li ntawd dawb huv, keeb kwm ntawm lawv cov dynasty. Yog li ntawd, cov annals muaj ntau yam dab neeg, dab neeg thiab dab neeg, xav tsis thoob nrog cov xwm txheej tiag tiag.

Thaum pib ntawm txhua qhov xwm txheej, keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov archipelago tau piav qhia. Lub "hnub nyoog ntawm cov vajtswv", ua ntej lub sijhawm ntawm tib neeg, yug los rau tus txiv neej yawg Jimmu, uas tau los ua tus tsim ntawm Yamato dynasty. Cov kev cai dab qhuas ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv, uas tau khaws cia rau hauv cov Islands tuaj txij li thaum lub sij hawm kev coj noj coj ua, thiab kev ntseeg tshiab txog tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm lub hnub Amaterasu tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm Shintoism. Tsis tas li ntawd, Nyiv thaum ub tau tshaj tawm thiab siv dav totemism, animism, fetishism thiab khawv koob, zoo li tag nrho cov zej zog ua liaj ua teb, lub hauv paus ntawm lub neej uas yog huab cua zoo rau kev sau qoob loo.

Kwv yees li ntawm lub xyoo pua II. BC. Nyiv thaum ub pib tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog Suav. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg zej zog uas tsim kho ntau dua yog tag nrho: hauv kev lag luam, kab lis kev cai, thiab kev ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv lub IV-V centuries, sau ntawv tshwm - ib txwm, hieroglyphic. Cov khoom siv tes ua tshiab tau yug los, kev paub tshiab txog astronomy thiab thev naus laus zis los. Confucianism thiab Buddhism kuj nkag mus rau thaj chaw ntawm cov Islands tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Qhov no tsim ib lub kiv puag ncig tiag tiag hauv kab lis kev cai. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Buddhism rau lub hlwb ntawm tib neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb: kev ntseeg hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsuj plig tau nrawm rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm pab pawg neeg.

Tab sis txawm tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Ancient Nyiv Pooj Teb, uas nws kab lis kev caitshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib tug neeg nyob ze, tseem yog ib lub teb chaws qub. Txawm nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv kev nom kev tswv tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwm sim hauv Suav teb thaum ub. Nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo qauv ntawm haiv neeg raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub xyoo pua 5th. AD Cov txwj laus thiab cov thawj coj hauv pawg neeg tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb dawb yog cov chav kawm tseem ceeb. Muaj ob peb tug qhev - lawv yog "cov qhev hauv tsev" hauv cov tsev neeg ua liaj ua teb. Txoj kev ua qhev classical tsis muaj sijhawm los ua kom zoo nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov Islands tuaj, vim kev sib raug zoo ntawm pawg neeg tau hloov pauv sai sai los ntawm cov feudal.

Nyiv, uas nws cov kab lis kev cai thiab kev coj noj coj ua zoo sib xws nrog Confucianism thiab Buddhism, tau muab ntau lub tuam tsev monuments ntawm kev cai dab qhuas architecture. Cov no suav nrog cov tuam tsev nyob hauv cov nroog qub ntawm Nara thiab Heian (kyoto niaj hnub). Cov koom txoos ntawm Naiku thaj neeb hauv Ise (III caug xyoo), Izumo (550) thiab Horyuji hauv Nara (607) tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev txawj thiab ua tiav. Lub originality ntawm Japanese kab lis kev cai yog maximally manifested nyob rau hauv literary monuments. Cov hauj lwm nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm no yog "Manyoshu" (VIII caug xyoo) - ib qho loj anthology ntawm plaub thiab ib nrab txhiab paj huam.