Noog Bunting Remez: yees duab, piav qhia, captivity

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:48

Muaj noog zoo kawg nkaus los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm passerines. Lawv tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv Asia, Africa thiab, ntawm chav kawm, hauv Europe. Thaj chaw ntawm Russia thiab yav tas los koom pheej ntawm lub Soviet Union muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb tshaj yog khav ntawm no noog. Nws txaus siab rau pob ntseg thiab nyob ob qho tib si hauv roob thiab hauv tiaj tiaj. Lawv kuj muaj peev xwm nyob tau zoo heev hauv kev poob cev qhev. Tus noog no yog dab tsi? Koj tuaj yeem kawm txog qhov no los ntawm kev nyeem kab lus.

piav txog txiv neej

Outwardly, tus noog zoo li ib tug sparrow, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li raug cais raws li ib tug passerine. Ib daim duab ntawm oatmeal qhia qhov zoo sib xws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub qhov txawv nws, raws li nws sib piv haum nrog plumage thiab tus Tsov tus tw. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tus noog muaj txog 197 hom. Nyob rau hauv lub loj heev ntawm Russia, feem ntau hom yog hom oatmeal. Nws tseem tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv qhov loj ntawm Scandinavia thiab Spain. Tus me nyuam, vaj, nplej, kaus mom dawb thiab lwm tus kuj nyob hauv Russia.

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav tsom rau cov noog, hu ua oatmealremez, uas yog me ntsis me dua li niaj zaus. Tus txiv neej muaj xim dub thiab dawb qauv ntawm lub taub hau, caj dab thiab nraub qaum. Cov yam ntxwv xim: rusty-xim av nrog tsaus variegation (streaks). Nws muaj ib tug txiv ntseej caj dab rau ntawm nws lub hauv siab, thiab me ntsis ntawm nws ob sab. Tus txiv neej lub plab yog dawb.

poj niam piav

Poj niam Remez bunting, xim zoo li tus txiv neej, tab sis tsis sib xws. Lub taub hau yog pleev xim rau xim av es tsis txhob dub. Autumn feather coloration yog heev zoo sib xws: ocher. Ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm tus poj niam thiab tus txiv neej yog qhov tsis muaj qhov dawb ntawm lub taub hau. Yog hais tias nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, nws yog heev me me, NW nyuam qhuav pom. Tus poj niam kuj muaj ocher xim ntawm feather kiag li, tsuas yog rau lub hauv paus. Hauv cov txiv neej, nws tsuas yog nyob ntawm ntug plaub xwb.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov laus laus

Cov txiv neej hluas ntawm Remez bunting, muaj ib lub zes, zoo ib yam li poj niam. Lawv yog duller thiab nrog ntau ocher Bloom. Tsaus xim av streaks pom ntawm lub hauv siab, thiab xim av ntawm ob sab nrog tsaus xim av strokes ntawm lub cev. Lawv cov kaus mom taw qhia.

Thaum muaj ib xyoos, cov txiv neej txawv ntawm cov laus los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb thiab nqaim ntawm lub hauv siab, uas muaj xim txiv ntoo. Ntawm daim npog ntsej muag lawv feem ntau muaj plaub xim av (tshwj xeeb ntawm pob ntseg). Txij li thaum cov txiv neej hluas sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov poj niam, lawv tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog cov cane-type buntings. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib cov cim qhia. Lawv yuav tsum tau paub qhov txawv ntawm lub teeb pom kev saum pob ntseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li txoj cai, feathers ntawm remez ntawm lub crown bristle, zoo li ib tug tuft, thiab streaks ntawm ob sab yog xim av. Ib tug noog ntawm hom Remez bunting muaj qhov zoo sib xws nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm thaj av: daj-browedoatmeal.

Kev faib tawm

Feem ntau, nws, ya, nyob rau yav qab teb hav zoov-steppe. Thawj qhov tuaj txog yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lub sij hawm tuaj txog tsis zoo ib yam. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm 1st mus rau 3 xyoo caum ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg lawv ya rau lub sij hawm kawg los ntawm lig Cuaj hlis mus rau nruab nrab Lub kaum hli ntuj. Remez oatmeal nyob hauv cheeb tsam Moscow txij thaum lub Peb Hlis Ntuj txog rau lub Plaub Hlis. Cov noog steams thiab nyiam nyob rau ntawm ntug hav zoov, glades loj, meadows nrog thickets ntawm bushes thiab clearings.

Ntau cov noog zes ncaj qha rau hauv av thiab tsawg dua hauv hav txwv yeem ntawm qhov siab ntawm ib thiab ib nrab meters. Lawv tsim cov zes los ntawm cov nyom stalks thiab cereal panicles, noog kom zoo nkauj kab ntawm lub tais nrog cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov plaub hau. Nyob rau yav qab teb taiga, tus noog tau pom thaum lub sijhawm ua zes ntawm sab xis ntawm tus dej Irtysh. Coniferous hav zoov nyob hauv dej nyab hav zoov thiab sphagnum bogs npog nrog cov ntoo thuv qis. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, Remez bunting, uas nws yees duab yog muab tso rau hauv tsab xov xwm, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm mixed forests. Feem ntau, cov no yog ntoo thuv ryams.

Cov noog ya hauv Omsk ib yam nkaus. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, ntau oatmeal tau txhob txwm coj mus rau New Zealand (rau nws cov Islands tuaj) los ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob - Great Britain. Yog hais tias peb xav txog thaj chaw ntawm lub qub Soviet Union, ces lub zes ntawm buntings yog pom nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Moldova thiab Ukraine. Lub roob toj siab ntawm Elbrus suav hais tias yog thaj chaw nyob ib leeg. Txhua hom oatmeal yog nyob rau hauv tib pab pawg. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua tus noog muaj nws tus kheej, nws tus kheej subtleties ntawm cov xim, nws tus kheej hu nkauj thiabtxawv txoj kev ua neej.

qauv, qhov loj thiab nta ntawm oatmeal

Tus noog bunting muaj ib tug tsis zoo tsim palatine tubercle. Thawj lub davhlau tis yog rudimentary. Cov kiv cua sab nrauv los ntawm 3 mus rau 6 thawj lub davhlau tis muaj clippings. Lub cev ntawm tus txiv neej muaj qhov ntev ntawm 127 mus rau 160 millimeters, qhov nruab nrab yog 241 millimeters. Qhov ntev ntawm cov poj niam nyob rau hauv lub cev yog los ntawm 130 mus rau 155 millimeters, qhov nruab nrab yog 230 millimeters.

tis muaj qhov ntev:

• txiv neej 71.5 txog 81.5 mm, nruab nrab 76.9 mm;
• poj niam 65 txog 79.5 mm, nruab nrab 73.2 mm.

Lub beak yog 11 mus rau 12 millimeters ntev, lub tarsus yog 18 mus rau 19 millimeters ntev, thiab tus Tsov tus tw yog 55 mus rau 65 millimeters ntev. Cov txiv neej hnyav ntawm 19 txog 22.3 grams (nruab nrab 19.87), poj niam nruab nrab ntawm 17 txog 20.8 grams (nruab nrab 17.98 grams).

Oatmeal tsis zam tib neeg. Nws feem ntau nyob ib sab ntawm ib tus neeg thiab txawm nyob hauv nroog. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov lawv nyiam ze ze rau ua liaj ua teb. Qhov no yog to taub, vim hais tias nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom tau zaub mov ntawm no: grain noob. Ntawm chav kawm, nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj rau twv tias qhov nyiam tshaj plaws delicacy rau ib tug noog ntawm hom no yog oats. Thaj, lub npe oatmeal tsis tau xaiv los ntawm lub caij nyoog. Ib tug ci noog tuaj yeem siv lub caij ntuj no nyob ib sab ntawm qhov ruaj khov, dua vim yog oats, uas yog txaus. Tag nrho cov pejxeem tuaj yeem noj thiab muaj sia nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Thaum cov daus melts, thiab hmo ntuj tseem qee zaum frosty, cov txiv neej pib rov qab los ntawm lub caij ntuj no. Ces neeg zoo siab, hnov cov noog thawj zaug, cov uas yog cov hu nkauj ntawm buntings.

qe qe

Tau poj niam, txiv neej feem ntausiv sij hawm nrhiav zaub mov. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb no, lawv hu nkauj, qhuas txog qhov tsis meej ntawm qhov kev paub ntawm qhov xwm txheej, nws txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab kev zoo siab. Thaum cov daus tawm, xyoo tas los cov nplej tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov chaw, thiab thawj kab tshwm sim los ntawm hauv av. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lawv yuav ua ntau ntawm cov khoom noj oatmeal. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov kab yuav muaj ntau, vim hais tias yav tom ntej cov xeeb ntxwv yuav tsum tau noj. Nws yog lawv cov uas yuav ua hauj lwm rau cov niam txiv tshiab uas tsim los pub rau menyuam qaib. Thawj hnub, cov me nyuam qaib tau noj cov zaub mov tsis muaj qab hau los ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm niam txiv (txiv neej lossis poj niam).

Thaum menyuam qaib coj tau tag nrho cov kab, cov niam txiv coj cov nyom, ntoo nab, kab laug sab thiab kab ntawm lwm hom. Qab zib-suab buntings nkag mus rau hauv kev sib yuav tom qab lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Twb yog thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis lawv tau txais cov xeeb ntxwv. Txiv neej, endowed nrog ci xim, tus nais maum nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov poj niam, flirting nrog lawv nyob rau hauv txhua txhua txoj kev, qhia tawm thiab sau nrog ib tug trill nrog overflows. Thaum xaiv ib khub, tus poj niam nrhiav qhov chaw rau lub zes. Kev tsim kho ntawm tsev neeg yav tom ntej pib, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem tsa koj cov xeeb ntxwv. Nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis, bunting remez pib loj heev nteg qe. Cov noog lub zes muaj clutch ntawm 4 mus rau 6 qe. Lawv yog cov dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog liab thiab ntshav hues. Specks thiab kab zoo yog pom ntawm lub qe. Lub sij hawm incubation kav los ntawm 12 mus rau 14 hnub. Cov menyuam yaus tawm hauv lub zes thaum lawv muaj 14 hnub. Cov me nyuam qaib tau noj tsuas yog rau cov kab thiab qee zaum ib nrab-ripe nyom noob thiab ntsuab tua.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv captivity

Cov noog muaj kev faib dav, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev poob cev qhev nws nyob txawv thiabfeem ntau. Nws muaj tus cwj pwm tsis ntseeg thiab txaj muag. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog nyiam los ntawm canar breeders. Rau lawv, Remez bunting yog ib tug noog (muaj ib daim duab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) xav tau rau kev kawm oatmeal tunes. Cov tub hluas raug coj mus kawm. Lub tawb rau oatmeal yuav tsum tau siv dav txog li 70 centimeters ntev. Yog tias muaj lwm cov noog hauv lub tawb, ces cov txiv neej tuaj yeem ua phem. Yog tias muaj xwm txheej zoo li no, tus txiv neej raug tshem tawm. Cov tawb muaj ob qho tib si remez thiab ntau oatmeal. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib hauv lub vaj captivity, gall, me nyuam, greyhead thiab lwm yam.

Khoom noj

Cov noob ntawm canary nyom, millet, rapeseed, oatmeal, chumiza nrog me me ntawm hemp, mogar, flax, crushed sunflower - txhua yam uas Remez oatmeal noj. Khaws nyob rau hauv captivity imposes nws tus kheej yam ntxwv ntawm kev noj haus ntawm cov noog, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais nws cov zaub mov ntawm nws tus kheej. Ib qho zoo ntxiv yog kev tshuaj ntsuam (cov noob nroj tsuag). Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom noj muag muag, uas ntxiv rau daphnia lossis gammarus. Periodically, tus noog yog pub nrog hmoov worms, ntau yam kab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm molting thiab reproduction. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas Remez oatmeal noog (daim duab thiab cov lus piav qhia saum toj no) noj zaub thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Lub tawb yuav tsum tau ntim nrog dej huv si xuab zeb, chalk, crushed shells thiab qe.

Nov yog lub sijhawm tsis tshua muaj thaum cov neeg ua liaj ua teb yug tsiaj oatmeal. Tab sis yog tias qhov no yog kev txaus siab rau ib tug neeg, ces rau lub hom phiaj zoo li no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov ntaub thaiv npog lossis cov tawb loj. Hauv cov ntaub thaiv npog nws yog qhov tsim nyog (tsawg kawgtsawg kawg yog ntshaw) kom muaj av pem teb thiab bushes. Tom qab ntawd bunting remez, uas nws hu nkauj tuaj yeem txaus siab rau tus tswv lub pob ntseg, tuaj yeem caij ntuj no thiab tsis ntshai Frost. Hybrids twb tau bred nyob rau hauv captivity. Lawv tau muab los ntawm ntau hom oatmeal thiab canary. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, xws li ib tug bunting yog hla nrog ib tug dawb-capped bunting yog hais tias tus neeg sib cuag muaj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lawv kev sib cuag.

Singing

Zaj nkauj ntawm oatmeal tinkles nrog nyiaj thiab muaj rov qab nrawm "zit-zit-zit" suab thiab xaus nrog kos "chili". Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, Dubrovnik nrog daj-throated bunting hu nkauj zoo nkauj waxwing. Thiab oatmeal remez hu nkauj nrog meej mom. Tab sis tseem, yog tias lub hom phiaj yog noog hu nkauj, ces koj yuav tsum pib hu nkauj cov thawj coj. Khaws thiab pub rau Dubrovnik thiab daj-throated zoo ib yam li cov bunting zoo tib yam.

Lifespan thiab nta ntawm Remez lub zes

Yog tias tus noog muaj qhov zoo, ces oatmeal tuaj yeem nyob ntev txog 4 xyoos. Tab sis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb nthuav dav thaum cov neeg mob ntawm cov noog centenarian tau sau npe. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees lawv pom oatmeal tshaj 13 xyoo. Lub feathered builders ntawm remeza tau lub koob meej widest. Cov noog no zoo sib xws nrog titmouse. Zoo nkauj thiab ntse-nplaum, cov noog me ua zes uas yog qhov kaw kaw.

Lub zes muaj qhov nkag nqaim. Nws yog qhov ruaj khov heev uas nyob hauv Africa cov neeg hauv zos feem ntau siv nws los ua lub hnab nyiaj. Xws li cov zes zoo li lub mitten. Tsuas yog nws tus ntiv tes xoo xwb.

Saib qhov loj ntawm cov noog, koj xav tsis thoob ntawm lawv qhov lojtsev:

• qhov siab - txog 22 centimeters;

• txoj kab uas hla - mus txog 12 centimeters;

• thickness - mus txog 2 centimeters.

nkag mus rau zes yog ib lub raj ntev txog 5 cm.

Lub zes raug tshem tawm ntawm cov ceg nyias nyias ntawm tsob ntoo lossis tsob ntoo dai. Nws yog tsau rau reed stems. Yog tias thaj chaw ntub dej nrog dej nyab, cov noog zes tau teem rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 2 mus rau 4 meters. Nws tshwm sim tias lawv dai ncaj qha saum dej.

Av rau nesting pennytails raug xaiv tsis tshua muaj. Tom qab ntawd qhov siab ntawm lub zes ncav cuag 12 meters. Lub thav duab yog txuas nrog elastic thiab nyias fibers, ua tib zoo mob ntawm cov ceg txhawb nqa. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv tsev yog fluff ntawm poplar, willow, cattail. Sab hauv ntawm lub zes yuav tsum tau lined nrog ib txheej tuab ntawm cov plaub.