Lice - yog dab tsi? Nqe lus piav thiab yees duab

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:48

Ntau tus neeg nyob hauv ntiaj teb tau ntsib cov ntshauv taub hau. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, tus tsov ntxhuav tau tshwm sim los ntawm hmoov av, tshauv thiab tshauv, thiab tau muab rau ib tug neeg kom nws tsis txhob tub nkeeg thiab tsis ua dab tsi. Tab sis tseem, tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov neeg tau txaus siab rau cov kab mob no yog dab tsi, thiab puas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov tsos? Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia rau koj txog dab tsi ib tug poj niam zoo li, vim hais tias ib tug yeeb ncuab, raws li lawv hais, koj yuav tsum paub nyob rau hauv tus neeg.

Yuav yog dab tsi?

Lice yog ectoparasites, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, creatures uas parasitize nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lwm yam kab mob nyob, uas yog, lawv noj thiab nyob ntawm nws tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tib neeg, lawv nyob ntawm cov plaub hau ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm lub taub hau, txij li thaum muaj ntau heev ntawm cov plaub hau thiab cov epidermis ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog nyias. Qhov no tso cai rau cov cab tuaj yeem pub dawb thiab pub dawb rau cov ntshav ntawm tus tswv tsev. Muaj qee zaus thaum muaj ntshauv nyob ntawm cov plaub hau plaub hau (hauv lwm lo lus, cov no yog cov ntshauv).

Cov kab mob no tau muab cais ua kab. Lawv yog cov me me (0.4-6 mm), nrog lub cev flattened, nrog lub plab loj. Cov stabbing mouthparts tau yoog mus rau ib tug kab mob txoj kev ntawm lub neej. Thaum twglawv tho rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ib qho me me ntawm cov qaub ncaug raug tso tawm, uas thaiv cov ntshav txhaws, thiab qhov chaw tom yog cov tsos mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij khaus thiab khaus hnyav. Qhov nruab nrab, ib tug npua muaj nyob rau 40 hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj zaub mov thiab tus tswv tsev, nws tuaj yeem nyob tau li kaum hnub, thaum qhov kub sab nraud yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 10 ⁰ С. Qhov kub thiab txias rau cov kab mob no yog rho tawm 15 lossis ntxiv rau 45 ⁰ С.

Koom kom paub cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob

Ntau tus neeg xav tsis thoob tias tus npua zoo li cas ntawm lub taub hau, thiab nws cov nta yog dab tsi. Ua ntej peb pib sau cov cim sab nraud ntawm cov kab no thiab qee qhov ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv, koj yuav tsum paub tias nws txav nrawm heev (ceev 23 cm ib feeb), uas ua rau nws nyuaj heev rau kev ceeb toom thiab ntes nws. Yog li, kab laug sab:

• muaj xim grey thiab dawb;
• lawv lub cev ntev yog 2-3 hli, muaj 6 ceg;
• yooj yim pom cov qe qe - cov qe uas cab cab nteg ntau;
• nits yog daj-dawb xim, lawv tuav nruj rau cov plaub hau (0.7 cm ntawm daim tawv nqaij), yog li lawv nyuaj rau co tawm;
• lawv me me, tsis ntau tshaj 1.5 millimeters;
• feem ntau cov ntshauv thiab cov qe nyob ntawm cov tawv taub hau, tab sis kuj tshwm sim ntawm pob muag thiab plaub muag;
• Lub neej nruab nrab ntawm cov kab mob no yog 4-5 lub lis piam;
• sab nraum cheeb tsam lub taub hau, nits tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob lub lis piam;
• dej noj ntshav;
• khaus pib ob mus rau plaub lub lis piam tom qab kis kab mob thiab ua rau mobQhov tseeb tias cov ntshauv, tho tib neeg daim tawv nqaij, zais lawv cov kua hauv plab los ntawm cov qog ua kua qaub.

Ntau yam kab mob

Ua ntej txiav txim siab txog kev phom sij ntawm cov ntshauv thiab cov qe, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub seb lawv cov hom yog dab tsi. Tag nrho peb muaj:

• thawj thiab paub ntau hom kab yog kab taub hau, uas nyob saum taub hau.
• Qhov thib ob yog kab mob cab. Lawv nyob ntawm cov kab plaub hau nyob ntawm tib neeg qhov chaw mos.
• Thiab qhov kawg saib yog khaub ncaws louse. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm evolution, nws tsim los ntawm thawj hom. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov poj niam lub cev tau poob cov nplai ntawm nws ob txhais ceg, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem nyob ntawm cov plaub hau, yog li nws tau yoog mus nyob hauv cov khaub ncaws folds.

Vim li cas cov kab mob txaus ntshai?

Ua ntej nkag siab tias nab yog dab tsi? Cov no yog parasites, uas nyob rau hauv Latin hu ua pediculus humanus. Li no lwm lub npe rau tus kab mob no - pediculosis. Txij li thaum muaj ntshauv noj ntshav, thiab lawv lub qhov ncauj chob rau saum txheej ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, lawv muaj peev xwm nqa tau ntau yam kab mob, ntawm cov uas kuj muaj kev phom sij, xws li typhus. Lice yog cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntuj thaum tib neeg tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev nyiam huv.

Tus poj niam cab tuaj yeem tso tau ntau pua lub qe ib zaug, lawv kuj hu ua nits. Tom qab ob lub lis piam, cov tub ntxhais hluas tiam ntawm cov ntshauv raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv, tom qab uas pediculosis tshwm sim. Yog tias koj pib thiab tsis pib kho raws sijhawm, ces nyob rau hauv ob peblub hlis, cov ntshauv yuav "noj" tus tswv.

Txoj kev kis kab mob

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshauv hauv tib neeg yog qhov yooj yim tsis ua raws li kev nyiam huv ntawm tus kheej. Lawv kis tau raws li hauv qab no:

• thov txaj;
• headwear thiab khoom ntiag tug xws li combs;
• koj tuaj yeem kis tau hauv pas dej lossis dej qhib.

Qee zaum cov ntshauv tuaj yeem nyob hauv zos thiab tso lawv cov qe rau hauv cov khaub ncaws, qhov chaw uas lawv nrhiav tau yooj yim heev. Txij ntawd los, lawv tsuas yog tawm los noj xwb ces mus nkaum dua. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv caug, puab tsaig, nraub qaum thiab cov chaw uas cov khaub ncaws haum snugly tiv thaiv lub cev raug cuam tshuam loj heev.

Qhov twg koj tuaj yeem kis tau:

• taug kev ntev thaum tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev tu tus kheej;
• nyob rau hauv kindergartens, cov tsev kawm ntawv uas cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib leeg;
• ntawm txoj haujlwm raws caij nyoog;
• qhov twg muaj neeg coob coob, piv txwv li, hauv tsev kho mob, tsheb ciav hlau, sanatoriums.

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo li no, nws yuav tsum tau them nyiaj ntau rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, ua kom muaj tshuaj tua kab mob raws sijhawm thiab deratization ntawm thaj chaw. Yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov cai, cov kab mob yuav tsum tsis txhob yug me nyuam, thiab cov chaw pej xeem yuav tsis muaj kev hem thawj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob

Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm pediculosis ntawm lub taub hau, thaj tsam occipital thiab sab cev nqaij daim tawv feem ntau cuam tshuam. Hauv cov chaw no peb tuaj yeem pom cov cim hauv qab no:

• khaus khaus uas ua raukhawb daim tawv kom ntshav;
• thaj chaw cuam tshuam tuaj yeem hloov mus ua abscesses thiab boils nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siab heev;
• nrog ntev pediculosis, daim tawv nqaij ua denser thiab pigmented nyob rau hauv qhov chaw;
• kev tshuaj ntsuam pom tso cai rau koj pom cov nits ntawm cov plaub hau uas khi rau hauv paws thiab nyob 1 cm saum toj ntawm cov hauv paus plaub hau.

Risk pawg

Xav txog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob parasite, peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas pawg tseem ceeb:

• feem ntau pom cov ntshauv ntawm lub taub hau pom hauv cov menyuam yaus uas mus kawm ntawv lossis tsev kawm qib kindergarten;
• kab tsuag tuaj yeem nyob hauv cov neeg los ntawm cov tsev neeg tsis ua haujlwm uas tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev nyiam huv;
• cov neeg ncig tebchaws uas tsis muaj dej kub tau ntev;
• feem ntau muaj ntshauv, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, tau khaws los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsev haujlwm uas muaj cov neeg tuaj saib coob uas hu rau lawv: cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob, kws kho mob, kws txiav plaub hau, neeg ua haujlwm sib raug zoo thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam.

kev kho mob uas twb muaj lawm

Kho pediculosis, tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem ua tau. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kab mob cab, inhibiting lawv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab tua. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias kev tshem cov nits thiab cov ntshauv kom zoo yog qhov ntev thiab nyuaj, vim tias nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev los txhuam lawv tawm ntawm koj cov plaub hau nrog zuag. Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov xav tau thiab tshem tawm cov ntshauv zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum rov ua cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj ntau zaus. Tom qab ua tiavcov plaub hau yuav tsum tau combed tawm cov kab mob tuag.

Nyob ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj koj yuav tau xaiv ntau yam tshuaj uas muag yam tsis muaj tshuaj. Cov tshuaj siv tau zoo heev, yog li tsis txhob ntshai mus rau lawv. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj kho mob kuj muaj cov tshuaj tsis zoo, tshuaj tua kab, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau siv nruj me ntsis raws li lawv lub hom phiaj, ua raws li cov lus qhia nruj me ntsis thiab ua raws txhua qhov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tshem tau ntshauv tom tsev?

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej, yam tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum nws tseem zoo dua los nrhiav tsawg kawg yog kev sab laj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus menyuam muaj mob pediculosis. Raws li koj paub, rau cov menyuam yaus, ntau yam tshuaj tsuas yog txwv tsis pub, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kws kho mob. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum tus me nyuam muaj kev ua xua, mob hawb pob los yog cov qe nyob rau ntawm pob muag lossis cov plaub muag.

Yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum kho:

• tsis tuaj yeem siv ntau dua ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
• yuav tsum ua raws li nws cov lus qhia;
• tsis txhob tshuab plaub hau qhuav tom qab kho nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li qee kis lawv yuav muaj cov tshuaj tua hluav taws;
• tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj plaub hau lossis lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg ua ntej siv tshuaj tua kab;
• koj tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav koj cov plaub hau tom qab txheej txheem rau ob hnub;
• tsis txhob siv tshuaj tua kab mob tshuaj tua kab mob tsim rau tsiaj;
• tsis txhob yuav ib yam tshuaj ntau dua peb zaug ua ke, vim qhov noqhia tias tsis pab, yuav zoo dua.

Yuav ua li cas kho pediculosis?

Hnub qub, siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis zoo. Kev siv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tar xab npum, dichlorvos, vinegar thiab kua txiv cranberry. Txog niaj hnub no, nws tsis raug qhia kom siv cov txheej txheem no, txij li cov txheej txheem kev kho mob tau tsim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Hauv khw muag tshuaj muaj ntau yam tshuaj rau kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv pediculosis. Cov no yog cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau thiab tshuaj tsuag. Nov yog cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws:

• halloween dej;
• tshuaj pleev boric;
• shampoo "Pedilin";
• tshuaj "Benzyl benzoate";
• shampoo "Parasidosis";
• sulfur ointment (5%).

Txhua yam ntawm cov tshuaj no yog muab los ntawm kws kho mob dermatologist. Ua ntej koj pib siv, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem cov lus qhia thiab ua raws li nws nruj me ntsis. Txhua yam tshuaj muaj tshuaj lom thiab muaj ntau yam contraindications (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, menyuam yaus, kev ua xua, lossis cov neeg muaj kab mob ua pa).

Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txhuam cov plaub hau nrog ib tug hlau zuag, vim tsis yog txhua tus nab tuaj yeem tuag thaum ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm tes, txawm tias qhov no yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem cov nits nrog zuag, cov roj txiv roj yog siv rau cov plaub hau. Nws kuj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab qhov txhab kho mob.

Npau suav ntshauv, yog dab tsi?

Hauv kev txhais ntau phau ntawv npau suav, txawm tiasrau cov koom haum tsis kaj siab uas muaj ntshauv ua rau hauv peb, lawv kwv yees qhov tau txais kev nplua nuj. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ib tug npau suav koj xav co lawv tawm ntawm koj cov plaub hau, qhov no txhais tau hais tias nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag koj xav kom tshem tawm ntawm hassle thiab teeb meem. Yog tias muaj ntshauv da dej tag nrho koj lub taub hau hauv npau suav, thiab koj xav muab pov tseg ntawm koj tus kheej, nws txhais tau hais tias hauv lub neej koj tau nyob ze rau qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig loj, tab sis vim yog koj qhov kev txiav txim siab koj poob lub sijhawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nab tsis ib txwm pom hauv npau suav yog rau cov txiaj ntsig, qee zaum muaj lwm qhov kev txhais:

• pom cov kab mob hauv npau suav - los kua muag;
• ntau cov ntshauv txhais tau tias kev txom nyem lossis mob;
• yog tias koj tua lawv, txhais tau tias muaj hmoo surprise tuaj;
• Qee npau suav phau ntawv txiav txim siab tsoo nits hauv npau suav li xov xwm ntawm kev tuag.