Aleksey Sergeevich Suvorin: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

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Aleksey Sergeevich Suvorin: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
Aleksey Sergeevich Suvorin: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
Anonim

Hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov keeb kwm thiab kev ua ub no ntawm Alexei Suvorin, tus kws sau xov xwm paub zoo, sau ntawv, tshaj tawm, nrog rau tus kws sau nkauj thiab ua yeeb yam. Nws lub neej yog tag nrho ntawm kaj thiab nthuav cov xwm txheej. Yog li cia peb pib.

Suvorin Aleksey Sergeevich yug hauv 1834, lub caij nplooj zeeg, hauv lub zos me me ntawm Korshevo (tam sim no thaj tsam Voronezh ntawm Lavxias Federation). Tus txiv leej tub yog ib tug neeg ua liaj ua teb nyob hauv lub zos. Nws raug mob thaum sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Borodino, thiab tom qab ntawd - ib tug tub ceev xwm qib. Tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua tus thawj coj, uas txhais tau hais tias tag nrho tsev neeg tau txais kev ua neej nyob mus ib txhis. Thaum muaj 49 xyoos, nws rov sib yuav, zoo li nws yog poj ntsuam. Tus xaiv yog 20-xyoo-laus tus ntxhais ntawm tus pov thawj Alexander. Hauv kev sib yuav, nkawm niam txiv muaj 9 tus menyuam, uas Alex yog tus hlob.

Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich
Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich

Xyoo 1851, Alexei kawm tiav los ntawm Mikhailovsky Cadet Corps hauv Voronezh. Nws tau los ua ib tug sapper, tom qab ib pliag nws so haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, nws mob siab rau nws tus kheej mus qhia nyob rau hauv Voronezh thiab Bobrov. Lub sijhawm no, nws tau los ze rau tus kws sau ntawv Nikitin.

Youth

Nyob hauv ib phau ntawv xov xwm uas muaj npe nrov tshaj tawm ib zaj dab neeg txogLub neej nyob deb nroog zoo tib yam hu ua "Garibaldi". Nws tau los ua nto moo heev, raws li tus naas ej actor Sadovsky nyeem nws tawm ntawm ntau lub tswv yim yav tsaus ntuj. Pib xyoo 1858, Aleksey Sergeevich Suvorin pib tshaj tawm nws tus kheej cov ntawv hauv cov ntawv xov xwm. Sau nyob rau hauv lub npe cuav Vasily Markov. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, Countess E. V. Salias de Tournemir tau caw Suvorin tsiv mus rau Moscow rau ib ntus txhawm rau koom nrog kev hais lus Lavxias. Thaum nws nres, Suvorin tau ua lag luam tshiab rau nws tus kheej - sau cov phau ntawv rau pej xeem nyeem. Nws tau ua qhov no los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Tshaj Tawm ntawm Cov Phau Ntawv Tseem Ceeb hauv Moscow. Ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg "Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm teeb meem", "Boyar Matveeva", zaj dab neeg "Tus tub rog thiab cov tub rog", "Alenka".

Alexey Sergeevich Suvorin thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Alexey Sergeevich Suvorin thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Lub neej hauv Saint Petersburg

Aleksey Sergeevich Suvorin, uas nws biography coj ib tug zuj zus nthuav tig, tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv 1863. Nws sau nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Disabled magazine nyob rau hauv lub pseudonym A. Bobrovsky. Nws luam tawm nws cov dab neeg luv luv, uas tom qab ntawd nws tau luam tawm hauv phau ntawv Tag Nrho: Essays on Modern Life. Vim tias qee qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub taub hau xav dawb, xyoo 1866 cov tub ceev xwm tau qhib qhov rooj plaub rau tus tub hluas. Phau ntawv raug hlawv, Alexei Suvorin raug txim rau 2 lub hlis nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws cov kab lus raug hloov: nws tau txais 2 lub lis piam ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug guardhouse.

Txiv neej

Nws tau dhau los ua tus kws sau ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws thaum nws sau npe hauv qab lub npe The Stranger thaum xyoo 1860s. Sau nyob rau hauv lub magazine St. Petersburg Xov Xwm. Nws yog nyob rau hauv hom feuilleton uas Suvorin lub peev xwm tau qhia meej meej tshaj plaws. Nws txawj txawj ua siab dawb siab zoo thiab txawj ntse txawj ntse. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yog tias nws paub yuav ua li cas thiaj nrhiav tau txoj hauv kev rau txhua tus neeg. Txawm thaum thuam los nws tsis ua phem rau tus cwj pwm. Nws tau tswj hwm los hloov cov kev cai thaum sawv ntxov feuilleton - nyob rau hauv nws yog thawj zaug los tham txog ntau yam xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv kev sau ntawv, kev nom kev tswv thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub nroog.

Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tus neeg sau xov xwm Alexei Suvorin tsis yog ib tus neeg ntshai. Nws tsis yig tau qhib siab thuam ntau tus lej. Katkov, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Meshchersky, Skaryatin thiab lwm tus tau nyiaj dhau nws qhov kev tawm tsam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Aleksey tsuas yog kov cov pej xeem ntawm tib neeg cov haujlwm. Raws li kev xav txog kev nom kev tswv, ntawm no Suvorin yog ib qho nruab nrab liberal Westernizer. Nws cov lus txiav txim tau ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev zam txim, kev ywj pheej ntawm nom tswv dav dav thiab tawm tsam tawm tsam kev nqaim ntawm haiv neeg.

Qhov kev vam meej uas tsis tsim nyog ntawm Stranger's feuilletons ua rau Suvorin lub ntsiab ntawm kev ntxub ntxaug hauv cov voj voog uas paub zoo. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv 1874 lub editorial board ntawm V. Korsh raug tshem tawm ntawm lub Sankt-Peterburgskiye Vedomosti. Alexey's feuilletons yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov no.

Cov pej xeem paub tias tus neeg zoo li cas nws tau ploj tsuas yog thaum Suvorin luam tawm ob phau ntawv tshiab xyoo 1875. Lawv tau muag tam sim ntawd, txawm hais tias cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia tsis cuam tshuam ntxiv lawm.

Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Kev ua haujlwm tshiab

Nyob rau tib lub xyoo, Alexei pib saunyob rau hauv "Birzhevye Vedomosti". Ib xyoos tom qab, nws yuav cov ntawv xov xwm Novoye Vremya ua ke nrog V. Likhachev. Aleksey Suvorin raug yuam kom dhau los ua tus tshaj tawm, txij li nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tus kws kho rau qhov laj thawj censorship. Qhov tseeb, nws tseem yog tus tshaj tawm cov ntawv xov xwm no mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws hnub. Cov neeg tuaj saib tau xav ntau heev los ntawm Alexei. Txhua leej txhua tus xav hais tias lub St. Petersburg Vedomosti paub rau peb yuav revive dua. Rau thawj zaug, N. Nekrasov thiab M. E. S altykov-Shchedrin muab lawv tej hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev cia siab ntawm feem coob tsis tau ua tiav. Lub tsev tshaj tawm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm tau hais txog kev khuv leej rau Bulgarian kev tawm tsam hauv xyoo 1876. Qhov no coj Aleksey Sergeevich Suvorin txawm ntau kev hwm thiab koob meej tsis yog ntawm nws cov neeg qhuas qub, tab sis kuj yog cov pej xeem tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ob peb xyoos, txhua tus paub tias Suvorin cov lus tsis zoo yuav tsis rov qab los. Cov ntawv xov xwm dhau los ua kev saib xyuas ntau dua nrog txhua qhov teeb meem.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov ntawv xov xwm depersonalized tus duab ntawm Suvorin me ntsis. Feem ntau, nws cov style tau zoo ib yam, txawm tias muaj ntau yam hloov pauv hauv nws. Nws qhov tsim nyog yog tias nws zam qhov kev hais lus tsis zoo, hais lus phem thiab tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam uas tau coj ua hauv ntau lwm cov ntawv xov xwm. Tab sis qhov tseeb tseem nyob: nrog kev nrhiav tau ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, Suvorin pib sau tsawg dua. Tsuas yog qee zaus nws thiaj sau Tsab Ntawv Me.

neeg sau xov xwm suvorin alexey
neeg sau xov xwm suvorin alexey

Ua ib feem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim lub koom haum ntawm kev coj ua huab tais hu ua "Russian Assembly" hauv xyoo 1901. Ib ntus, nws txawm koom nrog pawg thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum, tab sis dhau sijhawm, qhov kev ua no nyiam nws tsawg thiab tsawg.

Dramaturgy

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Suvorin Alexei Sergeevich, uas nws cov keeb kwm luv luv peb tab tom xav txog, tau nyiam ua yeeb yam. Thaj chaw no nyob ze nws, vim nws ua tus saib xyuas ntau dua ib zaug.

Raws li tus kws ua yeeb yaj kiab nws tau txais koob meej ua tsaug rau zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Tatyana Repina". Nws tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai tiag tiag, uas yog kev tua tus kheej ntawm tus hluas Kharkov actress E. Kadmina hauv xyoo 1881. A. Chekhov txawm sau ib tsab ntawv luv luv, uas tom qab ntawd Suvorin tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab luam tawm.

Tsis muaj kev vam meej tsawg yog qhov ua yeeb yam hu ua "Medea", uas tau sau nrog kev koom tes nrog V. Burenin. Ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab keeb kwm hu ua "Dmitry the Pretender and Princess Xenia" kuj tau pom. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias hom yeeb yam yog Suvorin nyiam, tab sis qhov no tsis yog li ntawd. Nws sau comedies thiab tso dag: "Poj niam thiab txiv neej", "Nws so haujlwm", "Honestly", "Tshuaj Fever".

Biography ntawm Alexey Suvorin
Biography ntawm Alexey Suvorin

Publisher

Pib txij xyoo 1972, nws pib tshaj tawm Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Lavxias. Txawm hais tias thaum lub sijhawm yuav khoom Lub Sijhawm Tshiab, nws tau txais lub khw muag ntawv thiab lub tuam txhab luam tawm loj. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tuav ib tug thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub lag luam phau ntawv. Pib xyoo 1895, nws kuj tau luam tawm cov ntawv xov xwm uas muaj npe nrov thoob tebchaws Russia. Nws kuj tau luam tawm ib phau ntawv qhia chaw nyob "Tag nrho Petersburg". Nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog hais txog txoj kev thiab cov tsev hauv nroog, tab sis kuj tau muab cov npe ntawm cov neeg xauj tsev.

Ntxhais hmoob

Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich, uas nws cov ncauj lus ntxaws ntxaws tau nthuav tawm saum toj no, tau nyob hauv ob txoj kev sib yuav. Nws xaus nws thawj kev sib yuav nrog Anna Baranova,tus txhais lus. Kev sib yuav ua rau muaj 5 tus menyuam: 3 tus tub thiab 2 tus ntxhais. Leej Tub Mikhail tau los ua tus sau ua yeeb yam nto moo, kws sau ntawv, cov neeg saib xyuas pej xeem thiab cov neeg sau xov xwm, uas yog, nws tau ua raws li nws txiv txoj kev taug. Nws tuag hauv Belgrade hauv exile. Tus tub thib ob, Alexei, tau los ua tus sau xov xwm thiab tshaj tawm. Nws sau nyob rau hauv lub pseudonym Poroshin. Actively nrov kho kev tshaib kev nqhis. Kev tua tus kheej vim tsis paub meej.

Lub sijhawm thib ob nws tau sib yuav Anna Orfanova, uas yog tus viv ncaus ntawm tus kws sau ntawv pej xeem M. Orfanov, uas tau sau hauv qab lub npe Mishla. Kev sib yuav ua rau muaj 9 tus menyuam. Tub Boris, yug hauv 1879, tau los ua tus tshaj tawm, sau xov xwm, thiab sau ntawv. Tuag nyob rau hauv exile nyob rau hauv Yugoslavia. Tus ntxhais Anastasia los ua ib tug actress.

Publisher Alexey Suvorin
Publisher Alexey Suvorin

Tus phab ej ntawm tsab xov xwm tau tuag thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1912 hauv Tsarskoye Selo.

Summming txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tsab xov xwm, Kuv xav hais tias Suvorin Alexey Sergeevich tau tso tseg lub cim tsim nyog hauv keeb kwm. Nws biography yog dab tsi? Alexei Suvorin yog ib tug neeg muaj ntau yam. Nws biography yog tag nrho ntawm ntau yam kev ua ub no, nyob rau hauv txhua yam uas nws yog ib tug tsim nyog lub cev. Hmoov tsis zoo, nyob rau hauv lub voj voog dav nws lub npe tsis paub zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub voj voog nqaim Alexei Suvorin paub thiab hwm.

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