Nyob rau hauv lub 80s, NATO lub teb chaws pib ib tug intensive buildup ntawm lawv cov riam phom. Qhov no yog lub zog rau Central Research Institute los tsim ib lub tswv yim tshiab rau kev tsim cov khoom siv tub rog rau cov tub rog hauv huab cua ntawm USSR. Txhawm rau tsim cov riam phom zoo uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus NATO tso tsheb hlau luam, nyob rau xyoo 90s, Volgograd Tractor Plant sib koom ua lag luam tau tsim 2S25 Sprut-SD tus kheej-propelled anti-tank phom tshwj xeeb rau Lavxias Airborne Forces..
About the authors of the development
Sprut-SD 2S25 yog Lavxias teb sab airborne self-propelled anti-tank phom. A. V. Shabalin tau los ua tus thawj tsim qauv koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov chassis. Lub 125 hli 2A75 phom rau Sprut-SD 2S25 yog tsim los ntawm V. I. Nasedkin. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov riam phom tiv thaiv Lavxias teb sab no tau ua tiav ntawm Central Research Instituteprecision engineering.
Pib ntawm kev tsim
Nyob rau xyoo 1982, raws li lub tsheb sib tw BMP-2, tus qauv ntawm tus kheej-propelled phom 2S25 "Octopus-SD" tau tsim, tsim rau 125 hli caliber. Qhov no yog qhov kev lees paub tias, siv cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom sib dhos ntawm lub tsheb tsaws, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau cov riam phom tshiab, zoo heev. Cov thawj coj ntawm Central Research Institute of Tochmash tau txiav txim siab tias txhawm rau tsim lub chassis sib dua, Lub Hom Phiaj 934 lub teeb tank, uas tau nruab nrog lub teeb yuag 100-mm phom phom nrog tsis siv neeg thauj khoom, tsim rau 19 txhaj tshuaj, tuaj yeem siv.
Ib qho ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam no tau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov phom 125mm. Qhov hloov kho Sprut-SD tank tam sim no tau nruab nrog 125 hli rab phom smoothbore. Cov txheej txheem ntauwd classic tau siv hauv cov txheej txheem. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg tsim qauv kuj xav txog kev xaiv nrog kev tshem riam phom.
Testing
Xyoo 1984, Sprut-SD 2S25 raug thauj mus rau Kubinka chaw cob qhia rau kev sim tua. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim cov phom tus kheej tshiab tau pom tias nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub nws tsis yog qis dua rau cov phom tank, thiab cov khoom thauj ua rau cov neeg coob thiab cov phom nws tus kheej tsis dhau qhov kev tso cai txwv. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 20, 1985, pawg tub rog-kev lag luam txiav txim siab pib tsim cov phom 125-mm rau Sprut-SD 2S25.
Cov neeg tsim khoom ntsib teeb meem dab tsi thaum tsim cov cuab yeej tsaws?
txhais tau tias P260, muab kev tsaws ntawm rab phom rau tus kheej, thaum lub sijhawm kuaj pom muaj ntau qhov tsis txaus:
- lawv kim tsim;
- Kev siv nyiaj P260 ua pov thawj nyuaj.
Vim li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau nres, thiab qhov chaw ntawm P260 tau raug coj los ntawm txoj hlua khi hlua khi, uas tau txais lub npe P260 M.
Sprut-SD 2S25 yog dab tsi? Kev piav qhia txog kev tsim kho
Tus kheej-propelled artillery mount yog kev sib ntaus sib tua armored tracked amphibious tsheb uas siv cov phom loj loj thiab cov foob pob hluav taws ua riam phom.
ACS muaj peb ntu - hulls:
Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej muaj ib tug taw tes uas muab kev tswj ntawm lub tshuab "Octopus-SD" 2S25. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kheej-propelled unit. Lub tsev no yog tsim los rau peb tus neeg: tus thawj coj phom rau tus kheej, tus neeg tua phom thiab tus tsav tsheb. Nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua rau cov neeg coob muaj built-in soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej nrog rau nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj tsis pom kev
- Lub tsev teeb tsa nyob hauv nruab nrab lub tsev. Qhov thaiv no yog kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov pom, tsim los rau cov neeg laus hauv cov neeg coob, yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke: qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov haujlwm txuas mus rau ob lub dav hlau vim yog kev sib txuas nrog lub laser pom. Lub 125 hli projectile yog coj los ntawm ib tug laser beam.
- Lub nraub qaum yog suav tias yog qhov chaw ntawm lub cav lub cav.
Kev npaj chaw ua haujlwm rau tus thawj coj
Nyob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg coob coob, cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm kev teeb tsa artillery muabMuaj cov khoom siv li no:
- hnub monocular periscope pom 1A40-M1 nrog kev ruaj khov ntawm kev pom;
- hmo optical-electronic complex TO1-KO1R;
- laser rangefinder, uas tus thawj coj ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb mus rau lub hom phiaj thiab tsim lub kaum sab xis coj thaum tua ntawm lub hom phiaj txav;
- ib qho xov xwm channel los ntawm kev taw qhia thiab kev xa tawm ntawm lub missile coj mus ua;
- duplicate ballistic thiab pom cov cuab yeej siv los ntawm rab phom;
- kev tswj chaw taws teeb tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj hwm tus kheej ntawm automation thaum thauj khoom;
- tsav tsheb uas muab kev sib txuas lus ua haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj thiab tus neeg tua phom.
Tus thawj coj ua haujlwm yog dab tsi?
Lub taub hau ntawm pab pawg, siv hmo ntuj thiab nruab hnub pom kev, saib xyuas thaj chaw. Tus thawj coj ntawm tus kheej-propelled artillery mount, tsis hais tus neeg tua phom, tuaj yeem ua hluav taws los ntawm ob lub tshuab phom thiab rab phom. Qhov no muaj peev xwm yog muab los ntawm lub computer hluav taws xob tswj qhov system: yog tias cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug muaj, lub tank ballistic computer siv drives kom nkag mus rau cov ces kaum thiab cov hlau lead. Vim qhov no muaj nuj nqi, tus thawj coj tsis tas yuav tsum tau retarget siv rangefinders thiab aiming marks. Tus thawj coj yog dawb tua.
Yuav ua li cas riam phom cais?
Anti-tank self-propelled artillery mount - chav kawm ntawm phom yogLub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua "Octopus-SD" 2S25 tau suav nrog. Lub hom phiaj thiab ntau yam ntawm cov dej num ua los ntawm nws tau raug txo mus rau kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Yav dhau los, txoj haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam xws li PT-76B thiab Object 934. Lawv tau hloov nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm 2S25 Sprut-SD. Lub tsheb txhawb kev tua hluav taws, tsis zoo li lwm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, muaj lub zog hluav taws xob ntau dua. Lub maneuverability thiab maneuverability ntawm cov tshiab self-propelled phom sib raug rau cov cim qhia ntawm lub teeb tank combat phom. Sprut-SD yog qhov niaj hnub thiab qib siab dua ntawm PT-76B.
Nws ua haujlwm li cas?
"Octopus-SD" muaj peev xwm kov yeej qhov kev ncua deb tsawg kawg 500 mais yam tsis muaj refueling. Kev thauj mus los ntawm tus kheej-propelled phom yog nqa los ntawm tub rog thauj aviation. Kev tsaws nkoj kuj tseem siv tau rau lub hom phiaj no. Rau kev tsaws ntawm lub installation, nws cov neeg tsim khoom muab txoj hauv kev tsaws thiab parachute. Cov neeg coob ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua yog nyob rau hauv nws lub cockpit. Muaj lub zog tshwj xeeb, Sprut-SD yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ob qho tib si hauv toj siab thiab hauv cov huab cua kub kub.
SPG muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab cov tsheb muaj phom loj, lawv cov chaw ruaj khov thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm. Kev kov yeej dej obstacles yog ua tau yog tias qhov kev zoo siab tsis tshaj 3 ntsiab lus. Lub artillery mount tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej vim lub dav hlau tshuab nruab rau ntawm lub chassis. Lub buoyancy ntawm lub installation yog guaranteed los ntawm dej cannons nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm impellers ntawm 34 cm thiab txoj kev log. Tus tsim ntawm ACS tau kaw cov chav cua. Thaum dej nkag mus rau hauv lub cevkev tso dej tawm yog nqa tawm siv cov twj tso dej muaj zog. Thaum ntab, Sprut-SD tuaj yeem tua hluav taws.
Tom qab ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua, cov phom tus kheej tau hloov kho kom nqa nws tus kheej mus rau hauv lub nkoj tsaws ntawm dej.
Snowmobile lem thiab khau asph alt yog siv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov av nkos. "Octopus-SD" yog qhov tsim nyog rau thaj chaw uas tau txais hluav taws xob, tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg coob tau ua pov thawj los ntawm kev tiv thaiv riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj.
Lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem camouflaged nrog lub tshuab luam yeeb. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov neeg tsim qauv tau teeb tsa cov hlua khi (2 daim) ntawm lub nraub qaum ntawm SPG turret, uas muaj rau 902V grenade launchers siv 81 hli caliber pa taws grenades nyob.
Lub hom phiaj yog lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua?
Thaum pib, cov phom tus kheej tau tsim los tiv thaiv cov tank, ntau lub tsheb armored thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm. 2S25 "Octopus-SD" - lub tsheb txhawb kev tua hluav taws - tau npaj rau Tub Rog Tub Rog xwb. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub dav hlau tus kheej-propelled artillery installation yog mus tua armored tsheb tom qab yeeb ncuab kab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau los ua ib feem ntawm Marine Corps thiab cov tub rog tshwj xeeb. Cov kev paub ntawm kev siv 2S25 tau qhia tias, kev cuam tshuam nrog BMD-4 kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb nruab nrog 100-mm phom thiab nws tus kheej-propelled ATGM "Kornet", "Sprut-SD" tuaj yeem ua tau zoo heev tsis yog tom qab yeeb ncuab kab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj kev sib ntaus sib tua kev sib tsoo, uas yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov av ntawm lub Armed ForcesRussia.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 2001 txog 2006, tom qab kev sim ntxiv, cov tub rog ntawm Lavxias Federation tau txais lub tsheb sib tw Sprut-SD 2S25.
Key Features
Qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua yog 18 tons. Cov neeg coob muaj peb tus neeg. Lub zog cia yog 500 km. Lub undercarriage muaj xya rubberized khiav rollers, rau ib leeg rubberized rollers, tsav tsheb thiab kauj, steel ob-ridge lem uas siv roj hmab-hlau pob qij txha, thiab asph alt nkawm khau. Qhov ntev ntawm rab phom tus kheej nrog rab phom yog 9.77 meters.
Lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tau nruab nrog rau lub tog raj kheej plaub-stroke boxer diesel cav nrog supercharging thiab kev txhaj roj ncaj qha, rau cov kua dej txias. 2V-06-2S - lub hom ntawm lub cav nruab rau hauv Sprut-SD 2S25. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cav tso cai rau ACS mus txog qhov nrawm ntawm 45 (nruab nrab) txog 70 km / h.
SPG yog nruab nrog cov phom tsis muaj phom. Sab pem hauv ntej muaj peev xwm tiv tau ncaj qha hits ntawm 23-mm projectiles los ntawm kev ncua deb ntawm ib nrab ib kilometer. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim armor rau lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, aluminium alloys tau siv (rau lub cev ntawm tus kheej-propelled phom thiab nws turret). Cov cuab yeej ntawm qhov pem hauv ntej yog ua los ntawm cov hlau phaj. Rau cov tsheb tub rog, R-173 xov tooj cua thiab R-174 intercoms tau muab.
Aerial tsaws ntawm lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua yog nqa los ntawm IL-76 aircraft (qauv M thiab MD), AN-124. Siv cov hlua sab nraud rau lub nyoob hoom qav taubMI-26 kuj tseem ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tsaws ntawm Sprut-SD 2S25 phom tus kheej.
Cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov phom uas tus kheej tau nruab nrog ib rab phom 2A75 smoothbore thiab coaxial PKT tshuab rab phom. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm rab phom loj 2A75 yog tsim los rau 40 txhaj tshuaj. Mechanized stacking muaj 22 mos txwv. Ntxiv - 18. Tshuab rab phom caliber: 7, 62 mm. Ib rab phom siv rab phom muaj 2000 rounds.
Yuav siv li cas?
Lub tsheb sib ntaus sib tua lub mos txwv thauj khoom muaj plaub hom phiaj xwm:
- High explosive (20 rounds).
- Txhob Tsom Ntoo Khaub Ncaws (14 daim). Los ntawm firing armor-piercing projectiles los ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ob kilometers, nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau homogeneous armored steel, lub thickness ntawm tsis pub tshaj 23 cm.
- HEAT plhaub (6 daim). Penetrates homogeneous steel armor mus txog 30 cm tuab.
- Nruab nrog cov phom tiv thaiv tank. Penetrates armor tshaj 35 cm tuab.
Txoj kev ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag
Siv 2A46 tank rab phom thiab nws cov kev hloov kho, 2S25 tus tsim qauv tsim ib qho kev txhim kho 125mm 2A75 rab phom smoothbore. Yuav kom txo tau lub zog ntawm kev tiv thaiv rollbacks thaum lub sij hawm tua, nws tau npaj kom muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb muzzle nres nyob rau hauv lub installation. Tab sis raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov haujlwm no, cov teeb meem ntawm qhov rov qab ntawm rab phom tau tshwm sim, uas tau daws los ntawm kev ua kom lub recoil ntev mus txog 74 cm.chassis, lub mechanism uas absorbed cov seem ntawm lub recoil momentum.
2A75 rab phom tau nruab nrog lub tshuab nqa tsis siv neeg, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm rab phom: 7 txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem raug rho tawm hauv ib feeb. Qhov no automation muaj xws li:
- conveyor mechanism nruab nrog 22 cassettes;
- saw mechanism uas nqa lub cassettes;
- chain rammer;
- txheej txheem uas tshem tawm cov ntawv siv nyiaj los ntawm lub taub hau.
Zoo kawg
Lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm Sprut-SD tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tsis yog qis dua li cov tso tsheb hlau luam xws li T-80 thiab T-90. Kev txav siab siab ob qho tib si hauv av thiab hauv dej tso cai rau 2S25 phom tus kheej kom ncav cuag qib ntawm BMD-3 kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Vim yog cov qauv tsim - lub peev xwm ntawm lub turret nyob rau hauv tus kheej-propelled phom los ua ib ncig rotations thiab stabilize riam phom nyob rau hauv ob lub dav hlau - lub Sprut-SD yuav siv tau zoo raws li lub teeb amphibious tank, uas tsis muaj analogues hnub no.
Lub pob zeb loj uas tus kheej tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv Lavxias ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Kaus Lim Kauslim thiab Is Nrias teb.
