Likhoborka River: yam ntxwv, qhov chaw thiab duab

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Tus dej Likhoborka nyob hauv Moscow, hauv North-Eastern Administration District. Nws yog suav hais tias yog txoj cai tributary ntawm Yauza, nws yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej me me ntawm lub nroog. Nws tag nrho ntev yog ntau tshaj 30 kilometers, thaum tsuas yog 10.5 ntws nyob rau hauv ib tug qhib channel, 17.5 - nyob rau hauv ib tug underground collector thiab ib tug me ntsis ntau tshaj li ob kilometers - nyob rau hauv ib tug bypass channel. Yog li, nws tseem yog tus dej hauv av ntev tshaj plaws hauv Moscow. Nws cheeb tsam hauv phiab yog 58 square kilometers.

Nws pib nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub zos Novo-Arkhangelskoye, nws lub qhov ncauj nyob ze ntawm Botanichesky Sad lub nroog metro chaw nres tsheb, ze ntawm tus dej Yauza. Txij xyoo 1991 los, lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej no tau raug tshaj tawm tias yog ib qho chaw zoo nkauj.

thaj chaw

Lub hauv paus ntawm Likhoborka River yog nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov zoo nkauj ze ntawm lub zos Novo-Arkhangelskoye. Tsis deb ntawm Korovino, nws tau txais txoj cai tributary - Businka, thiab tom qab ntawd nws ntws raws.underground collector. Nws rov qab los rau saum npoo tsuas yog hauv thaj tsam ntawm Likhoborskaya embankment, hla lub Savelovskoye thiab Oktyabrskoye cov lus qhia ntawm lub peev railway.

Tom qab ntawd, txoj kev ntawm Likhoborka River khiav ncaj qha hauv qab lub chaw khaws khoom ntawm Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya metro kab. ntws raws sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj ntawm Botanical Garden ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb, nws ntws mus rau Yauza (ze ntawm Botanichesky Sad metro chaw nres tsheb).

Kev siv lub ntsiab ntawm Likhoborka River yog dej nyab Moscow thiab Yauza dej nrog Volga dej, uas tau tawm ntawm Khimki reservoir los ntawm Golovinsky Ponds.

Npe

Feem ntau, lub npe ntawm tus dej tau muab los ntawm cov hav zoov uas nyob ib puag ncig nws thaum xyoo pua 16th. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cheeb tsam tau npog nrog ntoo qhib hav zoov, toj thiab birch groves.

Tus dej Likhoborka, daim duab uas muaj nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm "Likhoy Bor" - uas yog lub npe ntawm txoj kev mus rau Dmitrov, uas tau suav hais tias yog qhov txaus ntshai heev vim yog cov tub sab nyiag. cov hav zoov tuab. Raws li lwm qhov version, nws yuav tshuav nws lub npe rau cov zos ntawm Upper thiab Lower Likhobory.

Nyob rau hauv Emperor Peter I, nws tau npaj los npaj ib feem ntawm txoj kev dej mus rau Volga raws lub txaj ntawm tus dej no.

Xyoo 1765, tus tub lag luam Askiv Franz Gardner tau tsim lub Hoobkas porcelain nyob rau hauv cov chaw no, uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no.

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm

Thaum lub sijhawm Soviet, tus dej Likhoborka hauv Moscow tau dhau los ua qhov ntiav. Ntawm daim ntawv qhia xyoo 1952 peb tuaj yeem ntsibTsuas yog ib lub kwj deg ntawm lub tsev kho mob Khovrinsky xwb, ces muaj av ntub.

Thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, trenches raug khawb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Botanical Garden, thiab cov phom loj tau sawv ntawm ntug dej ntawm Likhoborka nws tus kheej.

Nyob rau hauv lub 50s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, ua hauj lwm ntawm uranium enrichment pib nyob rau hauv Moscow, uas tau ua nyob rau hauv lub coj ntawm Beria. Lub hom phiaj yog los tsim cov ntaub thaiv npog nuclear thiab ua kev tshawb fawb hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov pob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau pib tsim nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub nroog. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm, pov tseg los ntawm cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj tau raug coj mus rau sab nraud lub nroog, qhov chaw uas nws tau npog nrog ib txheej ntawm av. Lub faus hauv av ntawm tus dej Likhoborka yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov hluav taws xob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws hauv Moscow.

Txiv kab ntxwv

Txoj kev cai ntawm Likhoborka yog tus dej Businka, uas ntws nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub nroog. Nws qhov ntev tsuas yog 4.5 kilometers, ntxiv rau, ib feem ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv lub collector. Tus dej pib nyob ze ntawm ob qhov chaw pov tseg, thiab nyob rau hauv Moscow Ring Road mus rau hauv lub collector, tawm ntawm qhov chaw tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub industrial cheeb tsam. Tom qab ntawd, nws rov qab mus rau tus sau - mus txog qhov sib xyaw nrog Likhoborka.

Zabenka River txuas rau Nizhnye Likhobory thiab Petrovsko-Razumovskoe thaj chaw ze Moscow. Nyob rau hauv dej siab, nws overflows muaj zog, dej nyab lub ntug dej hiav txwv zos. Deguninsky creek tseem hu ua Spirkov vrazhek. Niaj hnub no, nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug underground kav dej.

Sab laug tes ntawm Likhoborka - Nyuj Enemy stream. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ceg ntawm tus dej no suav nrog Aksinin, Beskudnikovsky, Bogoyavlensky kwj, Golovinsky pas dej.

Ecopark

Xyoo 2004, cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog tau tsim lub tiaj ua si ecological hu ua "Likhoborka". Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias yog ib lub monument ntawm lub regional tseem ceeb. Tsis ntev lawv tau pib muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm ob peb tus dej hauv Moscow ib zaug, kev npaj rau kev txhim kho Likhoborka River embankment tau kos. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov channel raug ntxuav, cov chaw nres tsheb thiab chaw nres tsheb raug tshem tawm ntawm thaj chaw uas nyob ib sab, kev ua kis las thiab kev lom zem, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev lom zem tau tsim kho.

Txij li xyoo 2014, thaum kev tswj hwm ntawm Moscow cov chaw ua si tau txais txoj cai ntawm nws tus kheej faib nyiaj rau kev kho thiab txhim kho thaj chaw, Likhoborka River Valley chaw ua si tau pauv mus rau kev tswj hwm ntawm Lianozovsky Park.

Tam sim no nws tau npaj los tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw no. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2017, kev ua haujlwm tau ua kom tob tob thiab ntxuav cov dej hauv qab ntawm cov khib nyiab, thiab cov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv tau nruab. Nws tau sau tseg tias kev ntxuav yav dhau los tsuas yog ua nyob rau xyoo 1939. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Archnadzor tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom tias lub pas dej tau raug ntxuav yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo tsim nyog, siv cov tsheb hnyav hnyav, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tag nrho cov ecosystem.

Tsoomfwv nroog nroog npaj npaj thaj chaw ntsuab nrog cov chaw caij tsheb kauj vab thiab taug kev. Lub tiaj ua si "Valley ntawm Likhoborka River" nyob ntawm Altufevsky Highway, 8a.

Nyob rau xyoo 2017, nws tau npaj ua thawj lub tuam tsev hauv lub nroog uas muaj qhov loj ntawm yuav luag peb txhiab square metres ntawm ntug dej ntawm Likhoborka.

Coastal Development

Nyob rau xyoo 2016, nws tau paub tias lub tsev txhab nyiaj ntawm Likhoborka tuaj yeem tsim tau. Tsoomfwv Moscow tau txiav txim siab thim rov qab rau lub hom phiaj no hauv thaj chaw sim ntawm Timiryazev Academy, uas nyob ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus dej xwb.

Qhov teeb meem yog cov dej hauv av, nyob ncaj qha rau hauv cov teb no, pub tsis yog Likhobroka nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub pas dej ntawm Timiryazev Academy, cov dej ntws ntawm VDNKh, txuas lawv nrog txhua lwm yam. Nco ntsoov tias txoj kev txhim kho thiab kev tso dej ntawm thaj chaw no yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov hav zoov uas nyob ib sab, uas yog tsev rau ntau hom tsiaj tsis tshua muaj rau lub peev.

Tam sim no cov chaw no tab tom txhim kho. Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis muaj chaw nres tsheb metro hauv thaj tsam Likhoborskaya Embankment, cov kab metro tsis dhau txawm tias nyob ze ze ntawm cov chaw no. Qhov chaw nres tsheb ze tshaj plaws yog "Water Stadium", nyob ntawm txoj kab Zamoskvoretskaya. Nws nyob deb tshaj li ob mais ntawm ntug dej, yog li nws ze tshaj plaws rau kev thauj mus los rau pej xeem.

Tam sim no, tsis txhob mus rau pej xeem thauj ntawm embankment nws tus kheej, thiab qhov chaw nres tsheb ze tshaj plaws nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Avtomotornaya thiab Onezhskaya txoj kev. Muaj cov tsheb tavxij nyob ruaj khov thiab ntau tshaj li kaum lub tsheb npav loj hauv nroog.

Ecological xwm txheej

Tam sim no lub hav dej yog nyob rau hauv ib qho tseem ceeb ecological xeev, nws yog ib txhij muaj kuab paug los ntawm ob peb lub kaum os ib puag ncig tsis zoo kev lag luam, nrog rau cov daus-melting chamber ntawm Mosvodokanal.

Txij xyoo 2008 hauv thaj chawKhovrinsky industrial cheeb tsam, tsuas yog 50 meters los ntawm tus dej, muaj ib qho kev tso cai pov tseg ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab hauv tsev, thaj tsam ntawm uas tam sim no tau mus txog ib hectares. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev pov tseg cov khib nyiab ntxiv, cov tub ceev xwm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig tau teeb tsa rau thaj chaw. Ob peb lub hlis tom qab, lwm qhov chaw pov tseg uas tsis tau tso cai hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm Ornamental Plant Growing tau muab tso los ntawm ob lub lag luam ib zaug, npaj kev tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg. Cov peev txheej hauv zej zog tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshem cov ntug dej ntawm cov dej khib nyiab tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm tib lub xyoo.

Nqaij ntses

Nuv ntses ntawm tus dej Likhoborka nyuam qhuav dhau los ua nyuaj heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab kev tuag loj ntawm ntses tau sau tseg ntawm no nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2008. Piv txwv li, qhov ua rau yog tso dej kub los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov thermal fais fab nroj tsuag nyob ze. Txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov qauv dej tau pom tias cov pa phem tsis dhau.

Thaum kawg ntawm 2014, tus kws lij choj lub chaw haujlwm tau pom tias lub xeev lub koomhaum koom ua haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub peev txheej dej "Mosvodostok" tso dej pov tseg yam tsis tau ua lawv txoj kev kho ua ntej. Kev foob tau raug foob los xyuas kom meej tias cov dej khib nyiab raug kho thiab ua kom tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov pa phem txwv.

Lub ib hlis ntuj 2014, tag nrho cov xov xwm pub tshaj tawm hais tias cov dej ntawm Likhoborka tau tig txiv kab ntxwv. Ecologists qhia tias qhov ua rau tuaj yeem yog kev yaig ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv tom qab los nag hnyav thiabua kom sov.

Tam sim no, txawm tias muaj kuab paug hnyav nrog cov khoom pov tseg hauv tsev thiab tso cov khib nyiab pov tseg rau hauv tus dej, ntau cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu sib txawv tseem khaws cia hauv thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv. Tam sim no plaub hom leeches, molluscs, crustaceans, ntau hom ntses nyob hauv tus dej. Ntau tshaj li tsib caug noog zes ntawm ntug dej. Ntau tus malards tau pom nyob hauv Likhoborka phiab xyoo 2017.

Place in toponymy

Koj tuaj yeem ntsib hauv Moscow ntau yam khoom siv npe hu ua tom qab tus dej no, txawm tias ntau txoj kev Moscow. Yog li ntawd, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, muaj thawj thiab thib peb Likhoborsky tuag xaus, nrog rau Verkhnelikhoborskaya, Thawj thiab Plaub Likhoborsky txoj kev.

Thiab txij li xyoo 1950, Txoj Kev Deforestation thiab Txoj Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab tau hloov npe hu ua Thawj, Thib Ob thiab Thib Peb Likhoborsky Drives. Niaj hnub no, muaj Likhoborsky Bugry Street, thiab tseem muaj Likhoborskaya Embankment.