National Gallery hauv Prague: chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm, kev sib cuag, ncig saib thiab nthuav tawm

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:06

Qhov thib ob qhov qub tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe tom qab Louvre nthuav qhia cov txuj ci ntawm Czech thiab thoob ntiaj teb kos duab hauv kev ua yeeb yam mus tas li thiab ib ntus. Cov chaw nthuav tawm ntawm National Gallery hauv Prague yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev keeb kwm nram qab no: Monastery of St. Agnes of Bohemia, Kinsky Palace, Salma Palace, Schwarzenberg Palace, Sternberg Palace, Wallenstein Riding School thiab Fair Palace (Veletržní).

History of Creation

Keeb kwm ntawm National Gallery hauv Prague pib thaum Lub Ob Hlis 5, 1796, thaum ib pab pawg neeg nyiam Czech cov nom tswv, ua ke nrog ob peb cov neeg txawj ntse hauv nruab nrab los ntawm qeb ntawm Enlightenment txav, txiav txim siab "txhim kho lub saj. ntawm haiv neeg hauv zos."

Ib lub tuam txhab hu ua "Kev Koom Tes ntawm Cov Phooj Ywg ntawm Kev Ua Yeeb Yam" tau qhib ob lub chaw tsim khoom uas Prague yav dhau los tsis muaj: Academy of Fine Arts thiab pej xeem Art Gallery. Gallery ntawm Society of Patriotic Friends of the Arts. Nws tau los ua tus thawj coj ncaj ncees ntawm niaj hnub no National Gallery hauv Prague. Xyoo 1902, lwm lub koom haum tau tshwm sim - Niaj hnub nimno Gallery ntawm Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Bohemia, ib lub koom haum ntiag tug ntawm Emperor Franz Joseph I.

Nyob rau xyoo 1918, Art Gallery ntawm Lub Koom Haum ntawm Patriotic Friends of the Arts tau los ua lub hauv paus kos duab ntawm lub xeev Czechoslovak tshiab. Xyoo 1919, Vincenk Kramář tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom, thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv nws tau ua tiav hauv kev hloov pauv lub tsev kawm ntawv mus rau ib qho tseem niaj hnub thiab kev tshaj lij. Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog nyuaj, xyoo 1942, nws tau raug xa mus rau kev tswj hwm ntawm National Gallery ntawm Czecho-Moravian Av. National Gallery Act 1949 tau tso cai rau tus txheej txheem.

Tam sim no, qhov kev nthuav qhia muaj xya lub rooj nthuav qhia mus tas li. Cov hauj lwm tso tawm ntawm National Gallery hauv Prague npog lub sijhawm txij li Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub Nyoog mus txog niaj hnub no.

European art from antiquity to baroque

Qhov kev nthuav qhia nyob hauv Sternberg Palace. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2002-2003. Thawj qhov suav nrog cov duab kos duab los ntawm Greek thaum ub thiab Rome. Cov chav ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb muaj cov haujlwm nto moo ntawm kev kos duab los ntawm 14th-16th centuries, uas yog ib feem ntawm kev sau ntawm Konopiste Castle, qhov chaw nyob ntawm Archduke Franz Ferdinand d'Este. Muaj tej hauj lwm los ntawm qub Tuscan masters (B. Daddy, L. Monaco), tej hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Venetian (Vivarini Rhiav) thiab masterpieces ntawm Florentine yam ntxwv (A. Bronzino, A. Allori).

NyobHauv pem teb thib ob ntawm lub palace nthuav tawm ua haujlwm los ntawm Italian, Spanish, Fabkis thiab Dutch masters los ntawm 16th mus rau 18th caug xyoo. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab kos los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe xws li Tintoretto, Ribera, Tiepolo, El Greco, Goya, Rubens thiab Van Dyck. Kuj tseem muaj kev sau los ntawm Flemish thiab Dutch masters, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua haujlwm los ntawm Rembrandt, Hals, Terborch, Ruysdale thiab Van Goyen. Nyob rau hauv pem teb muaj ib tug exhibition ntawm German thiab Austrian art ntawm lub 16th-18th centuries.

Medieval Art of Bohemia thiab Central Europe 1200-1550

Qhov kev nthuav qhia no tau qhib rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2000 hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv tseeb ntawm St. Agnes ntawm Bohemia, nrhiav tau nyob ib ncig ntawm 1231 los ntawm St. Agnes, tus ntxhais ntawm Přemysl Otakar I.

Thawj ntu ntawm kev nthuav qhia hauv av hauv av taug qab kev txhim kho ntawm Czech kos duab los ntawm vaj huam sib luag paintings thiab sculptures ntawm nruab nrab-14th caug xyoo (tus tswv ntawm lub thaj Vyšy Brod, tus tswv Maddo Michla) thiab "mos" style ntawm tus tswv Taodorik rau paintings ntawm tus tswv tsim lub thaj Trebon. Bohemian thiab Moravian ua hauj lwm los ntawm lub 15th thiab thaum ntxov 16th centuries coexist nrog ua hauj lwm los ntawm lwm Central European cheeb tsam, uas Bohemia tswj kev sib raug zoo kab lis kev cai thaum lub sij hawm.

Art from the Rudolfinum era mus rau Baroque hauv Bohemia

Qhov kev nthuav tawm nyob hauv Schwarzenberg Palace. Txij Lub Ib Hlis 7, 2019, nws yuav raug kaw ib ntus vim yog kev npaj lub rooj nthuav dav tshiab. Muaj txog 160 cov khoom pov thawj thiab 280 cov haujlwm ntawm Renaissance lig thiab Baroque,tsim nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm cov av ntawm lub crown ntawm Bohemia los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub XVI mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XVIII centuries.

Cov no suav nrog cov pob zeb nto moo los ntawm Matthias Bernhard Braun los ntawm lub qab nthab ntawm Clam-Gallas Palace hauv Prague (1714-1716) thiab ob tug tim tswv los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ze Lys nad Labem, daim duab ntawm Moor los ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Konice Castle, tsim los ntawm Maximilian Brokoff. Nws kuj nthuav tawm tej hauj lwm ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th: cov duab puab thiab cov duab kos duab, qauv, tus sau cov ntawv luam thiab cov ntawv luam.

Modern Czech Art 1850–1900

Kev nthuav qhia nyob rau hauv Palace of Fairs. Keeb kwm ntawm Czech kawm kos duab pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Cov duab kos duab taug qab nws txoj kev loj hlob los ntawm cov neeg muaj tswv yim sib txawv thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam, suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj tiag Viktor Barvitsy thiab Karel Purkyne, theatrical tiam Josef Vaclav Myslbek thiab Vojtěch-Hajnais, nrog rau cov kws ua yeeb yam sawv cev rau Art Nouveau thiab Cim Alfons Mucha thiab Max. Pirner.

Lub sijhawm tsim ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam tam sim no yog sawv cev los ntawm Antonin Slavicek, Jan Preisler thiab Max Schwabinsky. Lub National Gallery tseem muaj cov ntawv sau ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm František Kupka, uas sau cov kws kos duab kev vam meej los ntawm cov cim rau kev kos duab kos duab.

Art of the Czechoslovak Republic 1918-1938

Lub rooj nthuav dav mus tas li yog nyob rau hauv pem teb thib peb ntawm Palace of Exhibitions, nws tsim tau mob siab rau 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim ntawm Czechoslovakia. Lub exhibition nthuav tawm cov kos duab ntawm ib tug hluas ywj siabCzechoslovakia ntawm 1918 thiab 1938. Nws yog kev sib koom tes, nthuav tawm tsis yog tsuas yog ua haujlwm pom kev kos duab xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm hom kab lis kev cai uas tau vam meej thaum thawj lub tebchaws, xws li phau ntawv illustrations, tsim, duab kos duab, thiab lwm yam. Lub rooj nthuav qhia mus tas li yog nrog rau kev kawm dav.

Niaj hnub Czech kos duab los ntawm 1930 txog tam sim no

Czech kos duab uas tshwm sim tom qab xyoo 1930 suav nrog kev ua haujlwm los ntawm František Muzyk, Josef Szyma, Jindřich Sztyrski, Toyen, Zdeněk Sklenař, Jan Kotik lossis Václav Bartowski. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntawv sau mus tas li tseem tshawb nrhiav kev kos duab los ntawm xyoo 1960 mus txog rau tam sim no: Art Informel, Action Art, New Sensitivity thiab postmodern art.

Graphics Collection

Nyob hauv Schwarzenberg Palace, nws yog ib qho ntawm kaum qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab cov duab zoo tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe. Nws muaj kwv yees li 450,000 engravings, drawings thiab fragments ntawm cov ntawv sau hais txog cov Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab tam sim no. Qhov no yog qhov khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm National Gallery hauv Prague.

Nws tau tsim qeeb qeeb, thiab tsis yog ib feem ntawm Art Gallery ntawm Patriotic Friends of the Arts, f txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th - hauv Academy, qhov chaw uas nws cov khoom pov thawj tau txais kev pab qhia. Cov khoom sau tau tsim los ntawm maj mam sib txuas ntau cov duab sau, suav nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv Clementinum thiab cov nyiaj pub dawb, xws li cov duab sau los ntawm tus sau tseem ceeb. Joseph Hoser.

Cov khoom sau suav nrog German thiab Netherlandish duab kos duab yos los ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, nrog cov haujlwm los ntawm Albrecht Dürer, Lucas van Leyden thiab lawv cov neeg kawm; sau los ntawm Italian Renaissance kos duab. Muaj txawm tias tus kheej-portrait nto moo ntawm Giuseppe Arcimboldo ntawm no. Kuj tseem ceeb yog cov kos duab ntawm Jacques Callot, cov duab ntawm Rembrandt van Rijn thiab nws lub tsev kawm ntawv, nrog rau Central European thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Czech tej hauj lwm ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Nws tseem muaj ntau dua 5,000 cov ntawv luam tawm thiab kos duab los ntawm Václav Hollar. Raws li kev kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, etchings los ntawm Giovanni Battista Piranesi yuav tsum tau hais.

Qhov kev sau ntau ntawm xyoo pua 19th ua haujlwm los ntawm Manes tsev neeg, etchings los ntawm Josef Bergler thiab kos duab los ntawm Caspar David Friedrich thiab Giovanni Segantini. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv sau los ntawm Fab Kis sau, suav nrog cov haujlwm los ntawm Pablo Picasso lossis Georges Braque. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Bochumil Kubišta thiab Otto Guttfrund, surrealist Jindrich Styrski thiab Toyen sawv cev rau niaj hnub Czech kos duab.

Exhibitions

Tam sim no, National Gallery hauv Prague muaj 18 qhov kev nthuav qhia ib ntus. Nov yog ob peb yam:

• Bonjour, monsieur Gauguin: Czech neeg pleev kob hauv tebchaws Askiv 1850-1950. Lub exhibition nyob rau hauv Kinsky Palace thiab yuav khiav mus txog rau thaum Lub Peb Hlis 17, 2019.
• "Jindřich Chalupecký Award 2018". Lub exhibition nthuav tawm cov haujlwm ntawm cov yeej ntawm qhov khoom plig no: Alzhbeta Batsikova, Lukas Hofmann, Thomas Kazanek, Katerina Olivova.
• Paintings tsis yog los ntawmCzech keeb kwm. Lub exhibition yog nyob rau hauv lub Palace ntawm Fairs. Nws muaj ib yam dab tsi ua nrog lub centenary ntawm founding ntawm Czechoslovakia. Ntawm no yog cov duab kos txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th mus rau 1918.
• "Qhib Paj Huam No. 7: Egil Sabjornsson, Stairs". Lub exhibition nthuav tawm cov hauj lwm ntawm Icelandic artist, paj huam ntawm Egil Sabjornsson nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv tsa suab.
• Art of Asia qhib kev nthuav qhia.
• "Giambattista Tiepolo thiab Tub"

Visitor information

Chaw nyob ntawm National Gallery hauv Prague: Staroměstské náměstí 12, 110 00 Praha 1- Staré Město. Koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj los ntawm cov xov tooj uas teev nyob rau hauv lub vev xaib official.

Thaum mus saib kev nthuav qhia, nco ntsoov tias hauv Prague National Art Gallery thiab nws cov khoom nthuav tawm nyob hauv ntau lub tsev:

• Schwarzenberg Palace - Hradčanské náměstí 2, Prague 1.
• monastery ntawm St. Agnes ntawm Bohemia - U Milosrdných 17, Prague 1.
• Sternberg Palace - Hradčanské náměstí 15, Prague 1.
• Fair Palace - Dukelských hrdinů 47 Prague 7.
• Kinsky Palace - Staroměstské náměstí 12, Prague 1.

Thaum mus saib txhua qhov kev nthuav tawm mus tas li, tus nqi ntawm daim pib rau National Gallery hauv Prague yog 500 crowns (kwv yees li 1,500 rubles). Thaum mus ntsib ib lossis ntau qhov kev nthuav qhia mus tas li, koj yuav tsum them 220 kroons rau kev nkag mus rau lawv txhua tus, tus nqi ntawm kev mus ntsib yuav yog 120 kroons (kwv yees li 350 rubles). Thaum mus xyuas ib ntus kev nthuav qhia, tus nqi ntawm daim pib tag nrho yuav yog 220 (txog 640rubles) kroons, nyiam - 150 kroons (kwv yees 440 rubles), ib tsev neeg daim pib - 350 kroons (kwv yees li 1000 rubles), ib daim pib rau ib pawg ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv yuav raug nqi 30 kroons (kwv yees 80 rubles). Txhua qhov kev nthuav qhia tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas dawb los ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm qis dua 26 xyoo. Exhibitions tuaj yeem pom ntawm nws tus kheej, lossis koj tuaj yeem mus ncig xyuas National Gallery hauv Prague.

Gallery qhib sijhawm: Hnub Monday yog ib hnub so, txij hnub Tuesday txog hnub Sunday txhua qhov kev nthuav qhia qhib thaum 10:00 txog 18:00, hnub Wednesday thaum 10:00 txog 20:00.