Lub log xauv: keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:01

Tej zaum, txhua tus neeg uas tsawg kawg yog xav paub txog keeb kwm me ntsis thiab, tshwj xeeb, keeb kwm ntawm kev txhim kho riam phom hauv Tebchaws Europe tau hnov txog lub log log. Rau nws lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov kev ua tiav tiag tiag, yog tias tsis nqa phom thiab rab yaj phom mus rau qib tshiab, ces tsawg kawg ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog lawv.

yog dab tsi?

Ua ntej, cia peb qhia koj seb lub log xauv rau rab phom zoo li cas.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim yog lub log, ntawm ntug uas muaj qhov thais. Nws tau tsau nyob ib sab ntawm lub txee. Nyob ze ntawm lub log yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm nrog ib daim ntawm silicon (txawm hais tias pyrite tau siv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov versions). Nrog kev pab los ntawm tus yuam sij, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tau compressed, exerting siab ntawm tus txhais nyob rau hauv ib tug dawb txoj hauj lwm.

Yog li, qhov kev txhaj tshuaj nws tus kheej tshwm sim li cas? Yuav pib nrog, tus tua yuav tsum tau npaj lub log xauv - compress lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nrog tus yuam sij. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug pinch ntawm rab phom yog poured mus rau lub txee - tsis zoo tib yam, tab sis tshwj xeeb, finely av, uas ignited ntawm me ntsis.sparks.

Thaum tus neeg tua phom tsom rau lub hom phiaj (nws yog cov lus txib "Point" thiab tsis yog "To aim" uas tau siv - nws tsis tuaj yeem tsom thaum siv riam phom ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd) thiab rub tus txhais, tus txhais nrog silicon poob ntawm lub log, uas ntaus lub txim. Nws ignited finely av phom, thiab lub ntsiab nqi nyob rau hauv lub chim flared los ntawm nws.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov txheej txheem them nyiaj nyuaj heev. Nws siv li ib feeb los rov thauj cov riam phom. Yog lawm, thaum tshav kub kub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, thaum ob txhais tes tab tom co los ntawm adrenaline, tib neeg tuag ib puag ncig, thiab koj tus kheej yuav tsum tau saib ib puag ncig kom tsis txhob dhau los ua tus neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab riam phom. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias nrog lub log siab tshaj plaws, rab yaj phom thiab phom phom tau npaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj nkaus xwb - ces nws raug tshem tawm thiab hloov mus rau cov riam phom melee ib txwm.

Leej twg invented?

Hnub no nyuaj nyuaj hais tias leej twg yog tus sau qhov yooj yim tab sis ingenious daws. Ib txhia hais tias Leonardo da Vinci tau tsim lub log xauv. Yog lawm, nws yog ruam dhau los sib cav nrog qhov no - hauv nws txoj haujlwm Codex Atlanticus, cov cuab yeej zoo li no tau piav qhia meej. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau txawv los ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab, raws li, tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab heev. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis mus rau pawg neeg. Thiab tseem, lub tswv yim nws tus kheej, ntawm chav kawm, belongs rau cov neeg txawj ntse nto moo - nws thawj zaug kos lub tsev fuabtais ua haujlwm nyob ib ncig ntawm 1480-1485.

Tab sis lub tsev fuabtais tau piav qhia saum toj no tau tsim me ntsis tom qab, twb yog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th. Nwskev sau ntawv yog ntaus nqi rau ob tus kws tua phom Ettora los ntawm Flanders thiab Hma Danner los ntawm Nuremberg. Nws tsis paub tias leej twg ntawm lawv thawj zaug tuaj nrog kev tsim kho tshiab. Tab sis nws muaj peev xwm hais tias ob leeg tuaj txog qhov xaus ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm ib leeg - keeb kwm paub ntau qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws.

Lub tshuab xauv lub log tshiab tau yooj yim dua thiab yog li ntawd nws yog lawv cov neeg uas tau mus rau pawg neeg - raws li pheej yig dua thiab txhim khu kev qha, thiab tsis yog kev tsim ntawm Leonardo da Vinci. Tej zaum cov kws sau ntawv tso siab rau nws tej hauj lwm, tiam sis tej zaum lawv tsis hnov txog lawv.

Thaum twg nws tau dav?

Nws tau siv kwv yees li thaum pib ntawm 16th mus rau nruab nrab ntawm 17th centuries. Tab sis txawm nyob rau lub ncov ntawm nws cov koob meej, nws tsis tau txais kev nthuav dav - ntau tus vajntxwv nyiam muab lawv cov tub rog uas tsis tshua muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab yooj yim, tab sis pheej yig dua analogues.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub log xauv uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau qhov zoo kawg nkaus, tam sim no tsis paub zoo li rab phom. Tom qab tag nrho, cov hmoov nplej ua ntej tau teem rau hluav taws tshwj xeeb nrog kev pab los ntawm wick. Raws li, tus neeg tua neeg yuav tsum nyob ze ntawm qhov hluav taws kub lossis tuaj yeem tau txais - nws siv sijhawm ob peb feeb.

Tab sis tom qab ob peb hloov kho rau lub log xauv, muaj lub sijhawm zoo los hnav nws npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb. Qhov ntawd yog, mus taug kev pheej hmoo, ib tug nom tswv, tub ceev xwm lossis tsuas yog ib tus neeg nplua nuj tuaj yeem nqa rab yaj phom raws sijhawm thiab hnav nws txoj siv sia ntev ntev txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau riam phom thiab tua phom rau lub sijhawm. Matchlock phom ua tsis taukhav txog cov cib fim no. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias qhov luv luv, rab yaj phom tau pib ua kom nrov nrov - compact, txhim khu kev qha, siv tau yooj yim, lawv tuaj yeem cawm tus tswv lub neej txhua lub sijhawm.

Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb

Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev tsim khoom (piv rau wick counterparts), cov phom tshiab tuaj yeem khav theeb ntawm kev ntseeg siab. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tau thaum muaj cua daj cua dub thiab txawm nyob hauv nag - qhov tseem ceeb tsuas yog ua kom cov flint thiab hmoov phom qhuav ntawm lub txee.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis tas yuav tsum ua kom qhov kub hnyiab tas li ntawm qhov npaj tau, uas ua rau cov neeg tua phom zoo kawg nkaus - kev tawm tsam tau ua haujlwm zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam feem ntau yog khiav tawm, yog li ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj txaus - koj tuaj yeem suav tsis tau ntxiv vim qhov rov ua haujlwm ntev.

Puas muaj qhov tsis zoo?

Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li riam phom, muaj qhov tsis zoo.

Qhov tseem ceeb yog tus nqi. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Fabkis thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, ib tug arquebus nrog ib tug matchlock yuav yuav rau 350 francs - twb tau nyiaj ntau heev. Daim ntawv qhia tseeb ntawm arquebus, nruab nrog lub log xauv, raug nqi ntau zaus - tus nqi tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1,500 francs. Tau kawg, tsuas yog cov neeg nplua nuj tshaj plaws tuaj yeem them taus xws li kev yuav khoom - txawm tias cov vajntxwv nplua nuj heev tsis tuaj yeem muab cov tub rog zoo ib yam nrog lawv. Peb tuaj yeem hais dab tsi txog kev txhim kho rab yaj phom nrog lub log ntawm tus kheej ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th - txawm hais tias nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm engineering, tsuas yog ob peb tus tuaj yeem ua rau nws.masters thoob teb chaws Europe (thiab sab nraud ntawm nws, xws li riam phom tsis tau tsim nyob qhov twg), yog li tus nqi tsim nyog.

Tsis tas li, riam phom yuav tsum tau ntxuav tsis tu ncua. Raws li txoj cai, nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau dua 20 txhaj tshuaj yam tsis tau ntxuav - carbon deposits polluted lub xauv.

Zoo kawg

Peb tsab xov xwm xaus. Los ntawm nws, tus nyeem ntawv, uas xav paub txog kev tsim riam phom, kawm ntxiv txog cov qauv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais log. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm hais txog keeb kwm ntawm nws qhov kev tsim kho, cov kws sau ntawv tau, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.