.22 LR (cartridge) - cov mos txwv nrov heev ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov thiab cov neeg nyiam kev ua kis las (hauv thawj Long Rifle, txhais los ntawm Lus Askiv - " phom ntev"). Muaj ob peb yam riam phom rau nws tam sim no, uas yog txuam nrog qhov tshwj xeeb nqaim heev: nws yog siv rau kev yos hav zoov me me.
Qhov txawv
.22 LR yog ib qho me me rimfire cartridge. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm, tus pin firing tsis ntaus qhov chaw, tab sis lub tes tsho flange (peripheral ib feem ntawm hauv qab). Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov mos txwv, lub primer tsis muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug cais unit, tag nrho cov shocks nyob rau hauv ib tug compressed daim ntawv yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv qab ntawm lub cartridge rooj plaub. Raws li txoj cai, cov mos txwv hauv rimfire cartridges yog cov hmoov txhuas, txawm tias qee zaum pom lwm tus. Cov mos txwv tsis muaj zog yog siv rau kev tshem tawm cov tsiaj me: squirrels, marmots, thiab hauv kev tua phom. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas nws yog suav hais tias yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws cartridge rau tua gophers.
History
Xyoo 1887, lub ntiaj teb thawj zaug hnov txog.22 LR. Cov cartridge tau muab los ntawm American tuam txhab J. Stevens Arm & Tool Company. Niaj hnub no, rimfire cartridges yuav luag tsis siv, tab sis Long Rifle tseem siv thiab nrov. Nws tuav cov ntaub ntawv rautus naj npawb ntawm cov teeb meem.
Vim muaj koob meej
Nws yuav zoo li tus neeg niaj hnub no tsis tuaj yeem nyiam los ntawm.22 LR - daim cartridge uas muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo, thiab tsuas yog cov neeg nyiam qub qub yuav siv nws. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog. Muaj peb qhov laj thawj rau nws qhov chaw muaj koob npe: tus nqi qis, yuav luag tsis rov qab, thiab kev ua tau zoo ballistic nyob ze.
Raws li qhov no, cov mos txwv tau dhau los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev mus yos hav zoov mus sij hawm ntev ntawm cov tsiaj me me-cov kabmob thiab kev cob qhia, vim tias thaum muab piv nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab,.22 LR tuaj yeem siv tau raws li qhov kev txiav txim siab ntau dua. tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov av nplaum tua, thaum ntau pua txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev cob qhia, thiab txawm tias qhov nruab nrab recoil ua rhiab heev.
me ntsis txog riam phom
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov riam phom chambered rau.22 LR cartridges muaj, tej zaum, yuav luag tus nqi qis tshaj ntawm cov pej xeem kev ua lag luam, thiab cov cuab yeej yog yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha, ua tsaug rau nws lub zog qis. Cov riam phom zoo li no yuav haum txawm tias cov neeg tua tsis tau paub ntau tshaj plaws.
Cov no mas yog yos hav zoov thiab ntaus kis las, tab sis kuj muaj rab yaj phom, feem ntau kuj yog kev cob qhia thiab ncaws pob. Tsis tshua pom rab phom rau kev tiv thaiv tus kheej hauv qab LR. Interchangeability ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho ntawm.22 caliber yog tsawg, piv txwv li,.22 luv thiab ntev tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov riam phom hauv qab.22 LR, tab sis lwm tus, xws li.22 WMR ("Magnum"), yuav tsis ua haujlwm vim qhov sib txawv. hauv qhov lojrooj plaub (6.1 hli thiab 5.75 hli rau Magnum thiab LR, feem).
riam phom chambered
Muaj ntau yam qauv rau.22 LR mos txwv. Qhov no suav nrog ob rab yaj phom thiab rab yaj phom rau tus kheej, xws li Margolin rab yaj phom (ib rab phom Soviet rau kev ua kis las, siv hauv kev sib tw xyoo 1954 txog 1979), nrog rau IZH-34 thiab MTs-3. Los ntawm kev yos hav zoov cov phom ntev thiab cov carbines, cov qauv xws li TOZ-11 (Soviet yos hav zoov carbine, tsim los ntawm Tula Arms Plant), TOZ-17 thiab 18, thiab TOZ-78 yog haum rau lub caliber no.
Hauv ntau cov ntawv xov xwm kis las thiab kev cob qhia phom, BI-7-2 thiab TOZ-9 tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv cov npe riam phom hauv qab LR. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias peb tham txog tus kheej-loading phom ntev, ntev Rifle yuav haum rau American AR-7 folding phom, tsim nyob rau hauv lub lig tsib caug xyoo. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas thiab Western Europe, nws tseem nrov heev. Nws suav hais tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kawm tua, thiab cov neeg ncig tebchaws kuj coj nws nrog lawv ntawm lawv txoj kev mus ncig. Cov npe tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog TSV-1, Kev Kawm Sniper Rifle, uas tau tsim los ntawm SVD. Tau kawg, nws tsis tuaj yeem hu ua tiag tiag vim qhov qis qis: tsuas yog 100 m, tab sis qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm nws lub npe.
Lwm tus me me caliber.22 LR sniper phom loj yog SV-99, uas tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv qee lub tebchaws Lavxias. Nws qhov hluav taws kub yog kwv yees li 10 rounds ib feeb, thiab cov mos txwv ceev yog 345 m / s. Cov ntawv xov xwm tuav tsib lub voj voog, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tua yog 150 meters.
rau cov tub rog tshwj xeeb
Cov Tub Rog Tshwj Xeeb kuj muaj.22 LR riam phom. Tus txheej txheem rau cov "phom" no yog kev txhaj tshuaj ntsiag to. Cov no yog rab yaj phom uas ntsiag to, xws li British Welrod, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1942 rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab cov chav tshwj xeeb. Ib qho nthuav feature ntawm nws yog hais tias, nrog ib tug nominal magazine muaj peev xwm ntawm yim rounds, nws tau pom zoo kom muab tsuas yog tsib nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej pub kev ntseeg tau. Qhov no kuj tseem yuav suav nrog lub npe hu ua "De Lisle" - De Lisle carbine, tseem yog riam phom Askiv: phau ntawv xov xwm carbine nrog kev sib xyaw ua suab nrov. "De Liesle" tau siv nyob rau hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, ntxiv rau cov tub rog Askiv, lawv tau nruab nrog qee lub tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Fabkis.
Tseem muaj ntau lwm yam kev yos hav zoov thiab kev ua kis las ua qauv ntawm riam phom chambered hauv.22 LR.
Ntse
Chuck ntev yog 25.4mm. Qhov pib tshaj tawm ntawm cov mos txwv yog tsawg, los ntawm 250 mus rau 500 m / s, nyob ntawm cov riam phom, uas yog vim qhov luv luv. Cov mos txwv lub zog hauv J: los ntawm 55 txog 90 rau rab yaj phom thiab los ntawm 125 txog 259 rau phom. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub flange (peripheral ib feem ntawm hauv qab) yog 7.1 hli, lub cheeb ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tes tsho yog 5.74 hli, thiab nws ntev yog 15.57 hli. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov mos txwv yog los ntawm 1.9 mus rau 2.6 g, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov hmoov siv tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 0.07 txog 0.11 g.
Kev ua tub rog
Yog tias peb tham txog kev siv daim cartridge tawm tsam tib neeg, ntawm no nws tsis muaj qhov zoo. Vim nws tsis muaj zog, nws yog xyaum tsis siv nyob rau hauvkev ua tub rog, vim hais tias txhawm rau txhawm rau cuam tshuam tus neeg yooj yim, xav tau ntau qhov kev ntaus. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau daim ntawv thov ua tiav tau paub, piv txwv li hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm American-180 submachine phom. Tus nqi hluav taws kub siab, txog li ib thiab ib nrab ntawm txhiab rounds ib feeb, nrog rau cov ntawv xov xwm loj loj (los ntawm 165 mus rau 275 rounds) ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los them rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab lub zog ntawm Long Rifle.
Lwm qhov kev siv cov mos txwv tau pom nyob rau hauv kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Red Army nyob rau lub sijhawm ua ntej tsov rog. Ua ntej tua los ntawm Degtyarev thiab Maxim tshuab rab phom, cov tub rog tau kawm ntawm Blum me-caliber tshuab rab phom, ib qho kev cob qhia hloov rau rab phom tshuab sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tsis tau tsuas yog txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov xwm txheej, tab sis kuj txo qis tus nqi ntawm kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, rab phom tshuab Blum qee zaum siv los ua riam phom tua hma.
