Mushroom mukor, los yog pwm dawb: cov yam ntxwv, kev loj hlob thiab kev noj haus

Cov txheej txheem:

Mushroom mukor, los yog pwm dawb: cov yam ntxwv, kev loj hlob thiab kev noj haus
Mushroom mukor, los yog pwm dawb: cov yam ntxwv, kev loj hlob thiab kev noj haus

Video: Mushroom mukor, los yog pwm dawb: cov yam ntxwv, kev loj hlob thiab kev noj haus

Video: Mushroom mukor, los yog pwm dawb: cov yam ntxwv, kev loj hlob thiab kev noj haus
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Anonim

Los ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm biology, txhua tus paub txog lub nceeg vaj ntawm nceb. Hauv ntiaj teb, muaj ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg loj, uas suav nrog ntau tshaj li ib puas txhiab hom. Cov nceb yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ib leeg: hauv qhov tsos, qhov chaw nyob, muaj cov nceb lom thiab noj tau, txaus ntshai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig. Tab sis lawv koom siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tag nrho cov nceb muaj mycelium thiab mycelium. Thiab, raws li koj paub, pwm kuj yog ib qho fungus. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog xws li ib tug fungus li mukor. Nws paub zoo rau peb li pwm dawb. Thiab peb txhua tus tej zaum tau ntsib nrog nws ntau dua ib zaug, tej zaum txawm nyob hauv peb chav ua noj. Mukor fungus nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov av, nrog rau cov khoom organic. Nws kuj nyiam qhov chaw tsaus, ntub thiab sov. Yog tias koj tawm hauv ib qho me me ntawm lub khob cij hauv chav ua noj, tom qab ib ntus ib txheej txheej dawb ntawm nws, uas tig grey dhau sijhawm - qhov no yog tib yam mukor nceb. Yog tias koj saib ze, koj tuaj yeem pom nws cov qauv. Tab sisNws yuav pom tau qhov chaw ntawm mucor nceb zoo tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub microscope.

nceb nceb
nceb nceb

Mukor nceb: qauv

Nws belongs rau genus ntawm qis pwm fungi, chav kawm Zygomycetes. Nws yog aerobic fungus, txhais tau tias nws xav tau cov pa oxygen kom nyob thiab yug me nyuam. Nws mycelium tsis tau muab faib ua cov hlwb, tab sis muaj ntau cov nuclei. Cov chav kawm no suav nrog ntau tshaj rau caum hom. Txhua hom nceb ntawm hom no, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, nyob hauv cov txheej txheem sab saud ntawm cov av, zaub mov, nees quav, thiab cov organic residues. Cov kab mob fungus mukor yog kab mob. Nws lub cev zoo li nyias cov plaub hau tsis muaj xim lossis cobwebs - qhov no yog mycelium. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub cev ntawm mycelium tau loj hlob heev, qhov tseeb, nws yog ib lub cell uas muaj ntau nuclei. Ntawm cov txheej txheem nyias ntawm mycelium (hyphae) lub taub hau dub (sporangia) raug tsim. Lawv muaj spores.

nceb mukor qauv
nceb mukor qauv

Mukor mushroom reproduces nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: asexual thiab kev sib deev. Thawj txoj kev yog qhov nyuaj dua, txij li cov txheej txheem ntawm mycelium maturation hauv sporangia ntev dua. Lub plhaub ntawm sporangia hu ua callose. Nws yog heev resistant rau sab nraud aggressive ib puag ncig. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tus ntawm atmospheric noo noo nws raug puas tsuaj, tso billions ntawm spores. Cov tom kawg yog me me uas lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus txhua qhov chaw. Lawv ib txwm nyob saum huab cua. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo, pwm tshwm nyob txhua qhov chaw. Thaum muaj kev sib deev, mycelial filaments fuse los ua ib lub zygote. Qhov no yog li cas ib tug tshiab fungus tshwm. Mukor yog saprophyte nceb, uas yog, nwspub rau npaj-ua organic tshuaj. Nws tseem hu ua scavenger nceb, txij li tom qab nws tsis muaj cov organic pov tseg. Qee lub sij hawm cov nceb zoo li no tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov tseem muaj sia nyob, tab sis twb muaj kab mob lawm, tom qab kev tuag ntawm cov seem yuav rov ua dua tshiab.

mukor nceb qhov chaw
mukor nceb qhov chaw

Mukor fungus txaus ntshai

Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj. Hauv tib neeg, qee hom pwm no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob xws li mucormycosis. Cov spores me me ntawm cov kab mob fungus yog qhov txaus ntshai rau cov neeg uas muaj kev fab tshuaj. Beekeepers paub txog mukor ua ntej. Vim khaus khaus yog ib qho chaw zoo tagnrho rau lub neej thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no. Yog tias khaus khaus tsis kho raws sijhawm, ntau tus muv tuaj yeem ploj, vim tias mukor fungus ua rau ntau yam kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj kab mob ntawm cov nplej, zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov kab mob no, tib neeg txhua xyoo poob cov zaub mov ntau.

Kev siv tshuaj thiab zaub mov kev lag luam

Qee hom kab mob no, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg. Yog li, qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob (ramycin) tau npaj los ntawm nws. Cov nceb no kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus ua cov hmoov nplej (Suav poov xab). Nws yog siv los ua tempeh, soy cheese, thiab qos yaj ywm cawv.

kab mob fungal
kab mob fungal

Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv pwm kab mob hauv zaub mov

Tau kawg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov zaub mov tsis muaj kab mob pwm. Dhau li ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov notxaus ntshai, tab sis kuj kim. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tsis txhob tso cov zaub mov seem ntawm ib sab ntawm cov khoom zoo. Saib xyuas cov av noo hauv chav. Thaum tawm mus ntev, tsis txhob tso zaub mov. Thiab yog tias pwm tshwm rau ntawm cov khoom uas thaum xub thawj siab ib muag tseem tsim nyog rau kev noj, nws tsis tuaj yeem noj nws ntxiv lawm.

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