Daj-bellied flounder: piav qhia, chaw nyob

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Daj-bellied flounder: piav qhia, chaw nyob
Daj-bellied flounder: piav qhia, chaw nyob

Video: Daj-bellied flounder: piav qhia, chaw nyob

Video: Daj-bellied flounder: piav qhia, chaw nyob
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Anonim

Yeej, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg no yog cov ntses demersal ib txwm, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nyob hauv zos los ntawm cov neeg sib cais hauv thaj chaw dej tsawg. Lawv txoj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw yog qhov ntev me me, thiab lub caij ntuj no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw me me nrog kev tsim ntawm cov pawg neeg sib txawv, cov neeg sib txawv. Peb tab tom tham txog flounder, uas hu ua daj-bellied.

Ntses yam

Spawning thiab spawning yog ua los ntawm cov ntses nyob rau hauv gyre zones nyob rau hauv ntug hiav txwv dej. Cov pejxeem loj nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Nws qhov kev hloov pauv yog nyob rau hauv qhov txwv me me. Ntses feem ntau overfished.

daj-bellied flounder
daj-bellied flounder

Platichthys quadrituberculat (daj-bellied flounder) yog tsev neeg ntawm pleuronectidae (flounders).

Lub qhov muag ntawm hom ntses no nyob ntawm sab laug ntawm lub cev. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm nws lub qhov muag yog sib npaug rau qhov ntev ntawm snout, los yog ntau dua. Tom qab lub qhov muag sab sauv, nws muaj 4-6 ntse pob txha tubercles ntawm ib tug conical zoo. Yog li ntawd, qhov daj-bellied flounder no tseem hu ua plaub-tuberculate flounder.

Nws lub cev yog dav thiab npog nrog cov nplais ntawm hom cycloid. Cov kab sab nraud muaj qhov khoov me ntsis. Sab tsis qhov muag hu ua qhov muag tsis pom kev. Nws yog dyed txiv qaub daj. Lub qhov muag sab yog sib txawv, xim av-xim av, nrog cov qauv zoo li marble. Qee lub sij hawm nws muaj vague tsaus me ntsis. Qhov ntev ntawm cov ntses nce mus txog 60 centimeters, thiab hnyav txog li 3 kg.

Yuav daj-bellied flounder nyob qhov twg?

Yeej, nws nyob raws ntug dej hiav txwv Esxias thiab Asmeskas. Cov no yog cov lus qhia:

  • los ntawm Peter lub Great Bay (qee qhov piv txwv nkaus xwb) mus rau Providence Bay;
  • los ntawm sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Hiav Txwv Chukchi mus rau Gulf of Alaska;
  • cheeb tsam sab hnub poob ntawm Cape Spencer;
  • hauv Kotzebue Bay nws yog 84-88%;
  • hauv Norton Bay - 88-91%;
  • hauv Bering Strait - 17-35%;
  • nyob rau hauv Hiav Txwv Nyiv, nws pom mas nyob rau sab qaum teb;
  • nyob rau hauv lub Tatar Strait (sab qaum teb), cov ntses no yog suav hais tias yog ib hom;
  • nyob rau hauv Hiav txwv ntawm Okhotsk, daj-bellied flounder muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Hokkaido thiab Aniva Bay mus rau sab qaum teb;
  • qee zaum cov ntses no raug ntes hauv Sakhalin Bay, ze Ayan thiab Shantar;
  • ntom ntim pom hauv Patience Bay thiab Western Kamchatka;
  • Nyob rau hauv hiav txwv Bering, nws ruaj khov thiab sib cais sib cais yog nyob rau hauv Olyutorsky, Korfo-Karaginsky, Anadyrsky bays, Natalia Bay thiab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm hiav txwv.
ntses flounder
ntses flounder

hom flounder no muaj ntau tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Asmeskas dua li ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Esxias.

biology thiab kev ua neej

Nov yog cov ntses hauv qab hiav txwv uas nyob hauv cov dej ntiav (txog 300 meters hauv hiav txwv Okhotsk thiab Hiav Txwv Nyiv). Nws nyiam dej ntsev thiab txav deb ntawm qhov chaw tshiab. Raws li koj paub, tej yam dej hiav txwv yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv iodine. Tias yog vim li cas tus flounder yog daj thiab thaum nws raug ntes, ib qho tsis hnov tsw tshwj xeeb feem ntau hnov. Nws tsw zoo li iodine.

Nws muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm kev hais lus ncaj ncees raws caij nyoog tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, feem ntau ntawm no flounder yog nyob rau hauv qhov tob ntawm tsawg tshaj li 100 meters. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog feem ntau mus txog ntawm isobaths ntawm 20 thiab 70 meters. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg lig thiab twb nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov ntses ntawm cov tsiaj no tsiv mus rau qhov pov tseg, tsom rau isobaths los ntawm 100-150 meters thiab dej kub hauv qab heev yog siab dua 0 ° C. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws feem yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txee, qhov twg kuj muaj qhov kub tsis zoo. Ntau li ntau tau, cov ntses nyiam dej kub ntawm 3-4 ° C.

dawb-bellied flounder
dawb-bellied flounder

Ntses no yog predatory. Nws noj txog 107 hom tsiaj me me ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv dej. Tab sis worms, crustaceans thiab mollusks predominate nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov. Raws li qhov xwm ntawm cov zaub mov, cov ntses belongs rau hom "benthophage-polyphage"

ntses loj no nyob tau 22 xyoos. Lub catch yog dominated los ntawm flounder los ntawm 5 mus rau 12 xyoo. Qhov nruab nrab, nws qhov ntev yog 24-48 cm. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntses no yog 300-1400 g. Flounder belongs rau hom txias-hlub euryhaline.

Nws pom yuav luag txhua qhov chaw ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Primorye. Peter lub Great Bay yog ciam teb sab qab teb ntawm cov kab daj-bellied flounder range.

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Yellow-bellied flounder is very nutritionally zoo li yellowfin flounder.

Ob hom no muaj biomass siab tshaj plaws. Kev noj zaub mov zoo sib xws hauv cov menyuam yaus txog 51%.

Nco ntsoov, muaj li ntawm 570 hom flounder nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab tsuas yog peb ntawm lawv nyob hauv dej tshiab. Yellow-bellied thiab white-bellied flounders muaj nyob rau hauv Nyiv, Bering thiab Okhotsk Seas. Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv?

qhuav yellow-bellied flounder
qhuav yellow-bellied flounder

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm lub qhov muag tsis pom kev ntawm lub cev. Cov ntses dawb-bellied loj hlob mus txog 50 cm, tab sis cov ntses 30-35 cm feem ntau yog muag, nws muaj xim dawb ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab ib qho txawv txawv ntse khoov rau hauv kab.

Dawb-bellied flounder muaj nuj nqis heev hauv kev ua noj. Nws muaj nqaij dawb nrog aroma ntawm hiav txwv tshiab. Nws yog xyaum tsis muaj pob txha me thiab tsis muaj qhov hnov tsw ntawm ntses. Nws yog npaj nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev. Hauv kev ua noj, daj-bellied thiab dawb-bellied flounder muaj nuj nqis. Qhov twg saj zoo dua yog debatable. Rau txhua tus nws tus kheej. Tab sis cov ntses dawb-bellied feem ntau nyiam vim nws muaj ntau yam thiab tsis muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb ntawm iodine.

Flounder yog hais txog cov khoom noj khoom haus. Nws cov nqaij muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab yooj yim digestibility. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv polyunsaturated rog uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm kev laus thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Dawb-bellied thiab daj-bellied flounder yog tsis muaj kev zam. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tsiaj no nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov nqi nqaij yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb. Tab sis peb tuaj yeem hais tias lub plab daj yog saturated nrog iodine rau ntau dua. Qhov no cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ua noj.

Reproduction

Spawning daj-bellied flounderpom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm nws ntau accumulations. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm qhov tob ntawm 180-200 meters. Tab sis txawm nyob rau qhov tob dua los yog tsawg dua, cov neeg tuaj yeem nrhiav tau. Hais txog qhov ceev ntawm spawning aggregations, nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg tias nws qib siab feem ntau tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej.

Lub caij yug me nyuam pib txij lub Peb Hlis mus txog Lub Xya Hli. Yeej, qhov no yog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hydrological. Lub sij hawm ntawm spawning mus rau sab qaum teb hloov me ntsis rau lub caij ntuj sov, tab sis feem ntau, lub sij hawm ntawm loj spawning yog May-Lub rau hli ntuj thiab, nyob rau hauv ib feem, thaum kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Sab hnub tuaj ntawm Bering Hiav Txwv yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv ntawm flounder spawning ntawm ib tug dej kub nyob rau hauv qab ntawm 2-4 ° C, thiab nyob rau saum npoo - 0-1 ° C.

yellowfin flounder
yellowfin flounder

Cov menyuam yaus feem ntau nyob ze ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, ncav cuag qhov tob ntawm tsawg dua 20 meters.

Tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Kamchatka, qhov yug me nyuam ntawm daj-bellied flounder yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov ntug dej hiav txwv trawl fishery. Nyob rau hauv lub Gulf of Kamchatka, cov ntses no raug ntes nyob rau hauv lub ntug dej hiav txwv complex.

Vim li cas tus npauj npaim muaj lub plab daj, thiab yuav ua li cas nkag siab tias nws tshiab los tsis?

Qhov no yog ntses loj: ntawm kev muag nws pom qhov ntev thiab mus txog 40 centimeters. Nws qhov txawv feature yog daj, txawm tias txiv qaub, xim ntawm lub qhov muag tsis pom kev ntawm lub cev. Flounder hais txog kev lag luam ntses. Nws muaj ntau cov zaub mov thiab cov vitamins, nplua nuj hauv Omega-3. Cov ntsiab lus iodine siab muab cov nqaij tshwj xeeb.

Yog li ntawd, cov neeg uas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov kab no tau pom zoo kom siv cov flounder rau kev siv tsis tu ncua. Thaum cov ntses no tshiab, nws muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm iodine. Qhov no yog qhov zoo li cas yog txiav txim siab thaum yuav khoom. Yog ibCov xim daj tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov ntses nws tus kheej, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug plaque tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm carcass, ces tus flounder yuav tsis noj. Qhov no qhia txog qhov rov ua kom khov ntawm cov khoom.

Kev nkag siab tias yog vim li cas tus flounder muaj lub plab daj, cov ntses tshiab tsw zoo li cas thiab qhov txawv ntawm nws cov xim thiab cov quav hniav yuav tiv thaiv tus neeg yuav khoom los ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo. Koj yuav tsum ceev faj thaum yuav ntses, vim muaj tshuaj lom nrog cov khoom no txaus ntshai heev.

Kev lag luam thiab ntes

Kev muag daj-bellied flounder yog muab rau hauv ice cream los yog tshiab. Kev khov tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si hauv glaze thiab tsis muaj nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, npaj txhij-ua flounder tuaj yeem pom ntawm muag: s alted, qhuav, smoked (ntsim, txias los yog kub ua noj txoj kev).

khov yellow-bellied flounder
khov yellow-bellied flounder

Los ntawm ntug dej nws raug ntes nrog cov pas nrig thiab cov khoom noj, thiab los ntawm lub nkoj - los ntawm kev ntxias. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb raug pom zoo rau kev nuv ntses hiav txwv. Cov no yog cov pas dej hiav txwv uas tiv taus dej ntsev ntau dua.

Bait yog cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau. Piv txwv li, me me ntses, shellfish, crabs, worms thiab squids. Qee tus neeg nuv ntses tswj kom ntes flounder txawm rau hnyuv ntxwm.

Cov iav tshwj xeeb yog nrov rau kev nuv ntses - longitudinals: ib tug nylon qaum, mus rau ib tug kawg ntawm ib tug hnyav sinker txuas, thiab rau lwm yam - ib tug buoy. Nws qhov ntev yog sib npaug rau qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw nuv ntses (kwv yees). Ib qho kev sib cais ntawm txoj kab nuv ntses yog khi rau qhov hnyav kawg, hlua nrog hooks thiab bait (mus txog 4 daim).

Kev ua noj ua haus

Zoo tus nqi ntawm cov ntses no82 Kcal ib 100 g. Nws cov nqaij yog dawb thiab mos, tab sis dej. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua noj tag nrho cov flounder. Feem ntau nws yog kib. Tab sis txoj kev ua noj hauv qhov cub lossis ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog nrov.

Hiav txwv yellow-bellied flounder nyob rau hauv cider
Hiav txwv yellow-bellied flounder nyob rau hauv cider

Lub cev tab tom npaj sai heev. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, nws yog zoo nyob rau hauv txhua daim ntawv, txawm boiled. Yog li ntawd, ntses kua zaub yog npaj los ntawm nws. Muaj ib tug qhuas rau txhua lub tais. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog flounder yog ntses noj qab nyob zoo thiab koj yuav tsum muaj nws nyob hauv koj cov zaub mov.

Pom zoo: