Tus dej Northern Dvina yog cov dej ntws tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias North. Nws nyob qhov twg, nws ntws qhov twg, thiab nws ntws mus rau hauv hiav txwv dab tsi? Koj yuav pom cov lus teb rau tag nrho cov lus nug no hauv tsab xov xwm no.
yam ntxwv dav dav ntawm Northern Dvina River
Nrog qhov ntev ntawm 744 mais, tus dej sau nws cov dej los ntawm thaj chaw loj, uas yog 357 txhiab square kilometers. Kev tswj hwm, cov no yog thaj tsam Arkhangelsk thiab Vologda ntawm Russia. Thiab yog hais tias peb coj mus rau hauv tus account lub Sukhona thiab Vychegda dej ntws, ces qhov ntev ntawm cov hlab ntsha dej no yuav ncav cuag 1800 kilometers!
Tus dej Northern Dvina tau txais ntau lwm tus dej ntws, ntws thiab ntws ntawm nws txoj kev. Hydrographers suav tsuas yog ib puas thib ob-txoj kev tributaries ntawm tus dej system no. Ntawd yog, cov no yog cov kwj deg uas ntws ncaj qha mus rau sab qaum teb Dvina. Ntawm lawv, cov ceg loj tshaj plaws yog: Vaga, Vychegda, Pinega thiab Yumizh.
Muaj xya lub nroog Lavxias nyob ntawm ntug dej ntawm Northern Dvina. Cov no yog (hauv kev taw qhia los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau lub qhov ncauj): Veliky Ustyug, Krasavino, Kotlas, Solvychegodsk, Novodvinsk, Arkhangelsk thiab Severodvinsk.
Txoj kev tswj hwm dej
Tus dej Northern Dvina muaj ib txwm siv dej rau sab qaum teb. Khoom noj khoom haus - feem ntau yog los ntawm cov daus yaj, cov dej siab tshaj plaws tau pom nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Rau Hli (txog 15,000 m 3 /s).
Tus dej pib dej khov rau thaum lub Kaum Hlis kawg, thiab qhib kwv yees li ntawm nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Yog li, Northern Dvina "hauv dej khov" nyob rau yuav luag ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub sij hawm ntawm dej khov drift ntawm tus dej yog, raws li txoj cai, nquag nquag. Congestion tshwm sim ntau zaus.
Toponym etymology
Vim li cas Northern Dvina thiaj muab npe li ntawd? Ntawm qhov qhab nia no, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg sau keeb kwm muaj ntau qhov kev txhais, tab sis lawv txhua tus los txog tib yam. Lawv decipher no hydrotoponym li "ob chav dej". Qhov kev txhais lus no tau muab rau hauv lawv cov phau ntawv los ntawm ntau tus kws sau ntawv ib zaug. Qhov tseeb yog tias Northern Dvina River tau tsim los ntawm kev sib txuam ntawm ob txoj kev dej, yog li qhov kev xav no yog qhov tseeb thiab ncaj ncees.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qee cov kws tshawb fawb (tshwj xeeb, A. Matveev) pom B altic cov hauv paus hniav hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub npe no. Yog li, Matveev ntseeg tias lub npe no los ntawm Lithuanian lo lus "dvynai", uas txhais tau tias "ob" hauv kev txhais lus.
Nws yog qhov nthuav tias Northern Dvina tau nthuav tawm hauv ntau cov ntawv sau thiab paj huam. Yog li, piv txwv li, ib lub nroog tsis tseeb hauv ib qho ntawm Kir Bulychev cov dab neeg yog nyob ntawm tus dej tsis tseeb Gus, uas.nqa nws cov dej mus rau Northern Dvina.
Noj kev mus rau hiav txwv…
tus dej Northern Dvina nyob qhov twg? Cov lus teb yog ib qho yooj yim yog tias koj saib cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog thaj chaw. Nws qhia meej tias lub hauv paus ntawm Northern Dvina River yog nyob qhov twg Sab Qab Teb thiab Sukhona sib koom ua ke. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ancient Russia lub nroog ntawm Veliky Ustyug, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub XII caug xyoo.
Tom ntej no, Northern Dvina nqa nws cov dej nruj nreem mus rau sab qaum teb thiab, tsis ntev, yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv tus dej Vychegda. Nws tshwm sim ze lub nroog Kotlas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov qhov tseeb: thaum lub sijhawm sib sau ua ke, Vychegda yog tus dej puv puv dua li Northern Dvina.
Txuas ntxiv peb cov hlab ntsha dej txuas ntxiv mus rau hiav txwv, maj mam hloov ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab qaum teb. Tom qab taug kev deb heev, Northern Dvina tau txais cov dej ntawm lwm tus dej loj - Pinega. Hauv qab no, peb tus dej loj heev twb pib tsim.
Ib qho keeb kwm keeb kwm nthuav dav yog tias lub hauv paus ntawm Northern Dvina River tau piav qhia meej hauv lub npe hu ua Ustyug Chronicle. Nws hais tias "tus dej Sukhana thiab Yug, uas sib koom ua ke, tsim ib tus dej thib peb ntawm lawv tus kheej …".
Npaj ntawm Northern Dvina River
Hauv hydrology, lub qhov ncauj yog qhov chaw uas tus dej ntws mus rau hauv Dej Hiav Txwv, hiav txwv, pas dej lossis lwm lub cev dej. Hauv qhov no, Northern Dvina ntws mus rau Hiav Txwv Dawb, lossis kom meej meej, mus rau Dvina Bay. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub qhov ncauj zoo li lub qhov dej loj loj, thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw uas tuaj yeem muab piv nrog thaj chaw.lub nroog ntawm Volgograd. Nws sib npaug li 900 square kilometers.
Northern Dvina Delta yog tag nrho cov kab me me, ceg ntoo, straits thiab Islands tuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov dav ntawm lub hav dej nce mus txog 18 km.
Dvinskaya Bay yog lub bay loj ntawm Hiav Txwv Dawb, nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj. Qhov tob - nyob rau hauv 120 meters (qhov nruab nrab tus nqi - txog nees nkaum meters). Ntau tshaj li kaum ob tus dej ntws mus rau hauv Dvina Bay, suav nrog Northern Dvina. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov no yog qhov chaw sov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho sab qaum teb hiav txwv. Dej hauv Dvina Bay sov txog +10… +12 degrees thaum lub caij ntuj sov.
Navigation ntawm Northern Dvina
Navigation yog ua tau raws tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm tus dej no. Muaj tseeb, nws nyuaj heev nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub nroog Arkhangelsk. Yog li, cov nkoj loj loj tsis tuaj yeem mus deb mus rau qhov tob ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau txais kev pabcuam hauv chaw nres nkoj Economy. Qhov zoo kawg li, cov phiaj xwm txhawm rau txhim kho kev taug kev hauv Northern Dvina delta tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 19th, tab sis lawv yeej tsis tau siv tiag tiag. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub qhov ncauj yog qhov nyuaj ntxiv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum lub sij hawm "dej siab" tus dej coj tuaj rau ntawm no ntau cov xuab zeb thiab cov khib nyiab, uas tsuas yog nyuaj rau kev hla nkoj.
Nws tseem tsim nyog hais tias lub nkoj "NV Gogol" tseem tab tom khiav raws tus dej - qhov qub tshaj plaws ntawm cov uas tseem ua haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws. Nws tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1911.
Yog li koj tau kawm txog cov yam ntxwv thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha tseem ceebntawm Russia North - tus dej ntws ntawm Northern Dvina.
