Soviet submarines ntawm qhov project 667

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Soviet submarines ntawm qhov project 667
Soviet submarines ntawm qhov project 667

Video: Soviet submarines ntawm qhov project 667

Video: Soviet submarines ntawm qhov project 667
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Nuclear-powered submarines nruab nrog nuclear missiles thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog Txias yog ib qho ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam uas cawm tib neeg los ntawm kev txaus ntshai ntawm tsov rog kub. Hauv kev sib tw ntawm ob lub zog loj ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd - Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab USSR, uas muaj lub npe hu ua "triads" ntawm riam phom nuclear - submarines ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.

daim duab kos duab ntawm thawj series
daim duab kos duab ntawm thawj series

Brief history of creation

Lo lus "kev sib tw caj npab" tuaj yeem nkag siab yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws - ob lub tebchaws tau sib tw sib tw los txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv cov yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm riam phom tawm tswv yim, uas suav nrog nuclear submarines. Ua hauj lwm ntawm kev tsim lub Soviet submarine project 667 pib nyob rau hauv 1958 nyob rau hauv teb rau lub American project Lafayette, uas muab rau cov kev siv ntawm ib tug loj-scale kev pab cuam los tsim ib tug series ntawm submarines nruab nrog nuclear riam phom. Los ntawm kev sib piv nrog cov neeg Amelikas, txhua lub foob pob hluav taws hauv Soviet yuav tsum muaj 16 launchers. ATNyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm kev tsim ua hauj lwm, lub keeb kwm tsim, uas koom nrog mounting missiles sab nraum lub hull thiab equipping lub nkoj nrog tig cov cuab yeej uas hloov cov cuaj luaj los ntawm kev mus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua txoj hauj lwm, raug tsis lees paub thiab hloov nrog ntsug launching shafts nyob rau hauv lub muaj zog hull. nkoj.

Kev cuam tshuam

Khrushchev. Thaum lub sij hawm ua qauv qhia, lub tshuab no tsis ua haujlwm, thiab cov foob pob hluav taws tau daig hauv qhov nruab nrab qaij, tsis mus rau hauv qhov chaw tua.

sab saum toj saib ntawm kev taug kev
sab saum toj saib ntawm kev taug kev

Kev tsim tsa thawj submarine

Lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev sim thawj tus qauv ntawm qhov project 667 submarine yog qhov zoo heev. Nws tau txais qhov project 667A. Nws tau tso rau ntawm txoj kev swb hauv Severodvinsk thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1964, nws tau tsim tawm thaum Lub Yim Hli 1966, thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo tom ntej. Lub submarine tau hu ua "Leninets" thiab tau txais lub npe K-137. Tam sim no, cov nqi zoo li no tsis xav tau, txawm tias cov nkoj siv dav dav, tsis hais txog submarines, uas feem ntau siv sijhawm ntau xyoo los tsim.

moray eel qauv
moray eel qauv

Serial production

Kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim cov phiaj xwm 667 submarines kuj tau ua tiav ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm. Lub nkoj tau tsim tawm ntawm ob lub chaw tsim khoom, hauv Severodvinsk thiab hauv Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Lub pace ntawm ntau lawm kuj impressive. Xyoo 1967, lawv tau txais yuavib lub nkoj, xyoo 1968 - twb muaj plaub, ib xyoos tom qab - tsib. Txij li thaum 1969, ib tsob nroj nyob rau hauv Far East kuj tau koom nrog Severodvinsk. Lub Soviet Union ib zaug sim mus ntes nrog cov neeg Asmeskas, uas twb tau tsim 31 nuclear submarines thaum kawg ntawm 60s.

Tsim

Txoj Haujlwm 667 submarine muaj ib txwm siv ob lub nkoj tsim rau lub sijhawm ntawd, qhov tob rudders nyob rau ntawm lub log, lub foob pob hluav taws nyob tom qab lub log hauv lub nkoj. Lub nkoj uas muaj hluav taws xob nuclear tau ua tub rog nrog 16 launchers nrog R-27 ballistic missiles, nruab nrog nuclear warheads ntawm 1 megaton txhua tus thiab thaj tsam ntawm 2,500 km. Lub tshuab fais fab tau sawv cev los ntawm ob chav tswj hwm tus kheej nrog tag nrho lub peev xwm ntawm 5200 horsepower, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau qhov ceev hauv qab dej txog li 28 pob. Qhov tseeb nthuav: cov neeg Amelikas, uas tsis xav tias yuav "ceev" los ntawm Soviet kev lag luam, muab lub npe tsis raug cai ntawm lub nkoj "Yankee". Hauv peb lub nkoj, qhov Project 667 nuclear submarine Azuha kuj tau txais nws lub npe tsis raug cai, pom tseeb vim yog lub npe AZ - kev tiv thaiv tsis siv neeg, thawj zaug hauv lub nkoj no.

nkoj hauv dej khov
nkoj hauv dej khov

Design development

Nyob rau xyoo 1970s thaum ntxov, ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tw ntawm caj npab, Tebchaws Meskas tau qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov dej hauv submarines, uas ua rau qhov chaw ntawm Soviet submarines ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm North America. pom meej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog txav thaj tsam ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua kom deb ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab uas muaj peev xwm, tab sis rau qhov no nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv.ntau yam ntawm missile riam phom. Qhov no yog li cas Project 667 B submarines tshwm sim, uas tau txais lub npe Murena.

Cov nkoj nquam nkoj no tau nruab nrog R-29 missiles, uas muaj kev sib tua sib tua thiab, tsis zoo li R-27, yog ob-theem. Lub foob pob hluav taws muaj qhov loj dua. Yog li ntawd, tus tsim ntawm lub submarine tau hloov. Qhov ntev thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov siab ntawm lub nkoj nce me ntsis vim yog tus yam ntxwv protrusion qab lub wheelhouse, zoo ib yam li lub hump. Ntawm 16 lub foob pob hluav taws uas muaj yav dhau los, tsuas yog 12 tseem nyob, tab sis nrog lub peev xwm ntau dua.

squid ryazan zaub
squid ryazan zaub

Xeem ntawm submarines

Kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim thiab kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Project 667 submarine tau tshwm sim tsis tu ncua thiab tas li. Cov cuab yeej siv riam phom, navigation systems, xov tooj cua sib txuas lus, hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tseem ceeb thiab cov koom haum pabcuam tau txhim kho, ua haujlwm tau ua kom txo qis kev pom, suab nrov thiab ua kom muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua. Lub submarine cruisers ntawm no series tau tsim, ntxiv rau cov uas twb tau hais txog tej yaam num 667A Navaga thiab 667B Murena, kuj nyob rau hauv cov ntawv AU Burbot, AM Navaga-M, M Andromeda, AT Pear, BDR Kalmar, DB "Dolphin".

Cov kab kawg ntawm hom submarines no yog BDRM nkoj. Thawj cov duab kos ntawm Project 667 BDRM submarines tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-70s. Qhov ntau thiab qhov zoo ntawm kev hloov pauv tau coj lub nkoj mus rau 3rd tiam ntawm nuclear missile carriers. Cov nkoj no tseem nyob rau hauv lub active muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab submarine fleet. Nruab nrog intercontinental ballistic missiles R-27RM thiab R-27RMU2 "Sineva",nrog rau thaj tsam li ntawm 8,300 km, Project 667 BDRM submarines txuas ntxiv ua cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo rau kev tiv thaiv tus neeg ua phem. Thawj lub nkoj ntawm cov koob no tau muab tso rau hauv 1981 thiab nkag mus rau Navy thaum kawg ntawm 1984. Tag nrho ntawm 7 submarines ntawm qhov project 667 BDRM tau tsim, ib qho ntawm cov uas tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv cov tsheb me me hauv qab dej.

Kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tub rog

Ob zaug satellites tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Project 667 BDRM submarine, thiab ib qho ntawm cov satellites no tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Cov nkoj yuav luag tas li ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, ua haujlwm tua hluav taws, feem ntau yog los ntawm hiav txwv Barents, thiab ua kev hla kev ywj pheej, suav nrog hla North Ncej.

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