Cov tub rog Latvian yog tus lav kev ywj pheej thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws lub xeev. Cov tub rog tub rog yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau hom tub rog uas ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub tebchaws.
History of tshwm sim
Cov tub rog Latvia tshwm sim li cas. Keeb kwm ntawm nws creation hnub rov qab mus rau lub kaum cuaj xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, lub Cheebtsam ntawm armed rog yog plaub lub teb chaws faib, uas nyob rau hauv lem tau muab faib ua plaub ntau regiments. Ib feem peb ntawm lawv tau nyob los ntawm artillerymen, tus so yog infantry. Cov kev faib tawm tau cov npe hauv qab no: Kurzeme, Vidzeme, Latgale thiab Zemgale. Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, cov tub rog Latvian xyoo 1940 tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Technical Division thiab Navy. Yuav luag thaum pib ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog, Senior Lieutenant Alfred Valleiki tau teeb tsa pab pawg aviation.
Cov koom haum tub rog pib tsim los ntawm kev yeem. Thawj qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub xeev muaj ntau lub tuam txhab phom sij ntawm cov tub rog - Latvian, German thiab Lavxias. Tab sis ib xyoos tom qab tsim cov tub rog los ntawm cov neeg nyiam, lawv tau pib hu rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm. Cov tub ceev xwm tau coj los ntawm yav dhau losLavxias teb sab thiab German tub rog. Cov thawj coj kuj yog cov sawv cev ntawm United Kingdom, United States thiab Sweden.
Hauv thawj ob xyoos tom qab lub koom haum, cov tub rog tau tawm tsam cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Red Army. Tom qab qhov xwm txheej no, qhov xwm txheej tau zoo li qub, thiab cov tub rog tau koom nrog kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb. Cov tub rog ua ntej ua tsov rog hauv Latvia tsis siv nws lub peev xwm tiv thaiv tawm tsam lwm lub tebchaws rau nees nkaum xyoo tom ntej.
sijhawm Soviet
Xyoo 1940 lub xeev tau los ua ib qho ntawm Soviet Socialist Republics. Raws li qhov no, cov tub rog Latvian kuj tau hloov pauv qee yam. Lawv tau nce lub zog ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm 'thiab Peasants' Red Army nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 24th Latvian Rifle Corps.
Tam sim no yuav tsum kawm tub rog rau kaum yim hli. Tom qab lub sij hawm no, cov privates tau muab tso rau hauv lub reserve. Nrog lub advent ntawm Soviet lub hwj chim, cov tub rog ntawm Latvia (tus naj npawb ntawm nws muaj pes tsawg leeg) mus txog peb caug-ib txhiab. Ntawm no, ob txhiab yog tub ceev xwm, nees nkaum xya txhiab yog tub rog. Cov tub rog tub rog kuj tau ntxiv nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm pej xeem. Lawv tus lej sib npaug li ib txhiab tus neeg.
Thaum Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau pib, lub tebchaws tau nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob pawg phom loj thiab ib pawg tub rog tiv thaiv dav hlau sib cais. Cov tub rog ntawm Riga Infantry School kuj tau mus rau pem hauv ntej.
Independence Time
Tam sim tom qab tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub xeev ywj pheej, tsoomfwv tau kos npe rau tsab cai lij chojuas txhais cov ntsiab lus ntawm "tub rog ntawm Latvia", "lub zog" thiab "armament ntawm nws muaj pes tsawg leeg." Lub koom haum tiv thaiv neeg yeem tau tsim, uas yog hu ua "Zemessardze". Kev tiv thaiv kev txaus siab, kev ywj pheej thiab kev ywj pheej tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, cov tub ceev xwm tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tub rog npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Lub xeev hauv nineties tau pib tsim kev sib raug zoo thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm koom tes nrog Tebchaws Meskas, lub tebchaws tau koom nrog txhua txoj haujlwm NATO.
Nws kuj yog ib qho kev hloov tshiab uas cov tub rog ciam teb tau los ua ib pawg cais tom qab lawv tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog. Cov tub rog Latvian poob qhov txuas no, uas tau los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Ministry of Internal Affairs ntawm lub xeev.
Raws li cov lus ceeb toom los ntawm Lub Chaw Pabcuam Kev lis kev cai, ntau tshaj li yim lab tus nqi riam phom raug thauj hla ciam teb ntawm xyoo 1995 thiab 2000. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, muaj ib qhov tseeb nthuav - cov khoom siv rau lub xeev tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov nyiaj no. Txawm hais tias, raws li cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev lag luam txawv teb chaws, ntau yam riam phom me tau raug xa mus rau Latvia.
Sib ntaus
Cov tub rog Latvian, txawm hais tias nws tau koom nrog kev ua phem, tsis muaj zog heev. Tsis muaj kev hem thawj ncaj qha los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws, yog li tsoomfwv tau xa nws cov neeg los koom nrog ntau txoj haujlwm.
Cov tub rog Latvian tau koom nrog tsim cov ISAF rog, uas tau nkag mus rau hauv Afghanistan. Lub xeev tau muab nws cov tub rog rau xyoo 2003. Kev poob nqi plaub tus pej xeem ntawm Latvia.
Thaum tsov rog hauv Iraq, cov tub rog Latvian raug xa mus rau 140 tus neeg mus rau thaj tsam ntawm kev ua phem. Tom qab ntawd tsoom fwv tau xa ntau thiab ntau pawg neeg. Thaum tsov rog hauv Iraq, muaj txog ib txhiab tus tub rog tau nyob ntawd. peb leeg tsis tau rov los tsev.
Cov tub rog Latvian tau koom nrog ntau qhov kev tsim NATO. Tom qab lub koom haum txiav txim siab xa nws cov neeg koom tes kom ruaj khov qhov xwm txheej hauv Kosovo thiab Metohija, Latvians txiav txim siab koom nrog lawv. Tau cuaj xyoos, cov tub ceev xwm tau xa lawv cov pej xeem los ua kom tiav txoj haujlwm. Tag nrho ntawm 437 tus neeg tawm tsam hauv Kosovo.
Surveillance systems
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tswj hwm lawv lub xeev zoo dua, tsoomfwv tau tshaj tawm tsab cai lij choj ntawm kev tsim lub chaw nres tsheb nrog radar system. Nws yuav tsum yog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb yog los saib xyuas lub dav hlau ntawm lwm lub tebchaws B altic - Lithuania thiab Estonia, nrog rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia thiab Belarus.
Ib xyoos tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb radar, lwm yam khoom ntawm kev soj ntsuam tau pib. Qhov ntev-ntev radar pib ua haujlwm hauv Audriņa volost. Nws yog tsim los tswj cov teb chaws B altic.
NATO cuam tshuam
Ua tsaug rau kev koom tes thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm North Atlantic Alliance, pab tub rog Latvian tau muab riam phom niaj hnub zoo. Nyob rau hauv 2005 lub koom haumpab txhawb cov khoom siv ntawm cov qib tsim nyog thiab lub zog. Qhov no tau ua tiav los xyuas kom meej tias cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub xeev, raws li qhov xav tau, muab lawv cov koom haum koom nrog hauv kev tshaj tawm thoob ntiaj teb. Thiab qhov no, cov tub rog yuav tsum tau ua tub rog zoo.
Ua tsaug rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev lag luam txawv teb chaws, lub teb chaws tau muab nrog:
- ntau yam riam phom me (pistols, rab phom tshuab, phom phom tua phom, foob pob foob pob, phom phom phom phom);
- tsheb (armored thiab unarmored);
- txhais tau tias kev sib txuas lus;
- uniforms (helmets, body armor);
- kev txhawb nqa tsheb (tsheb thauj khoom, tsheb thauj khoom, tsheb thauj neeg mob).
Vajtswv tsim tus neeg saib xyuas hauv tsev
Cov tub rog Latvian muaj cov qauv nthuav dav. Lub zog ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntxiv rau cov tub rog tseem ceeb, kuj yog ua los ntawm kev yeem tiv thaiv thaj chaw tiv thaiv rog. Lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1991 thiab tau txais lub npe "Zemessardze". Cov khoom ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub xeev no muaj ntau heev. Nws muaj kaum yim battalions ntawm nws tus account.
Txoj kev tsim no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub xeev, tab sis nws yog kev yeem vim tias nws cov units tsuas muaj tsib txhiab tus tub rog tshaj lij xwb. Lwm kaum thiab ib nrab txhiab tus neeg yog cov neeg uas koom nrog kev tsim ntawm lawv tus kheej teg num.
Zemessardze yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub rog Latvian. Tus thawj coj hais tias tib neeg pab lub xeev los ntawm kev faib sijhawm rau tus kheej. Tab sis ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb muaj lwm yamqhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Nws ntseeg hais tias tib neeg tau tsav los ntawm kev xav thiab kev hlub rau lub teb chaws. Lub tswv yim no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm tus so ntawm cov tub rog Latvian. Kev tsim tsa nees nkaum tsib xyoos kev ua koob tsheej tau tshwm sim xyoo no.
Cov haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog yog:
- hluav taws ntxuav;
- haujlwm cawm;
- public order control;
- kev ruaj ntseg;
- tiv thaiv thaj av ntawm Latvia;
- kev koom tes hauv kev tshaj tawm thoob ntiaj teb.
Kev tsim qauv
Cov thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum no nyob hauv peb lub nroog - Riga, Liepaja thiab Rezekne. Txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej lub tswv yim tseem ceeb:
- Lub koog tsev kawm ntawv, nyob rau hauv Riga, yog tswj hwm los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm ntawm thawj cov lus txib. Nws coj tsib battalions. Ib tug ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm pab txhawb, lwm tus yog infantry. Thawj zaug muab cov tub rog nrog cov kws tshaj lij snipers, saib xyuas, kws kho mob thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm.
- Lub koog tsev kawm ntawv, nyob hauv Liepaja, yog tswj hwm los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thib ob. Nws, nrog rau Riga koog tsev kawm ntawv, muaj plaub lub tub rog tub rog nyob rau hauv nws cov lus txib. Ntxiv rau lawv, nws tswj hwm ib pab tub rog tub rog thiab ib pab tub rog uas koom nrog kev tiv thaiv thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev los ntawm riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj.
- Lub koog tsev kawm ntawv nyob hauv Rezekne yog tswj hwm los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thib peb. Nws tswj cov infantry, huab cua tiv thaiv, engineering thiab tub ntxhais kawm battalions. Nyob rau yav tas los, cov tub ntxhais kawm los ntawm txawv teb chaws pab.
Lub koom haum
Cov tub rog Latvian, cov lej thiab riam phom (2015) yog qhov loj heev rau lub tebchaws me me: 5100 tus neeg tsis tu ncua thiab txog 8000 tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb (raws li ib feem ntawm cov neeg ua tub rog). Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tub rog tub rog ntawm lub xeev yog cov saw yooj yooj yim ntawm kev hais kom ua. Tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:
- av rog;
- aviation;
- marine;
- ncig teb chaws;
- command centers.
Thaum muaj kev cai lij choj rau tub ceev xwm, cov tub ceev xwm muaj cai hloov tag nrho cov qauv uas yog Ministry of Interior nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm cov tub rog. Xws li, cov no yog ciam teb detachments thiab pej xeem tiv thaiv tsim.
Thaj chaw, Latvia muab faib ua peb cheeb tsam. Yog tias kev ua tub rog ua ntej yuav tsum tau ua, ces, pib xyoo 2007, nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv tub rog tsuas yog raws li daim ntawv cog lus. Tag nrho cov tub ceev xwm corps muaj cov qub tub rog ntawm tub rog lyceums.
Kev Pom Zoo rau kev txhim kho
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho mus sij hawm ntev ntawm lub teb chaws cov tub rog yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv raws li cov cai ntawm North Atlantic Alliance. Lawv txhais tau tias kev tsim tub rog, uas yuav tsum ua kom tiav los ntawm 2020. Cov tub rog yuav tsum nyob rau theem uas nws tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau nws cov phooj ywg hauv kev ua tub rog thoob ntiaj teb kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.
Ua tsaug rau qhov project no, xyoo 2011 ib lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm tau tsim los tsimkev ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov units thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev koom tes nrog NATO tsim. Nws cov dej num yog kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, kev sib koom tes ntawm kev ua, kev txib ntawm cov tub rog sab hauv, kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Tsib txhiab xya pua tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov tub rog Latvian.
Ground Forces
Cov tub rog Latvia yog raws li cov tub rog no. Cov duab hais txog kev cob qhia cov tub rog thiab cov cuab yeej zoo. Lub hauv paus rog muaj ob chav - ib lub tsheb tub rog infantry thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb rog detachment.
Cov tub rog hauv av tau muaj riam phom me me (tsis siv neeg phom, rab phom, rab phom tua phom) feem ntau ntawm Asmeskas thiab German ntau lawm. Raws li cov tub rog hom no, muaj ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam, cov neeg ua haujlwm armored thiab cov phom phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Air Forces
Latvian tub rog aviation tuaj yeem daws ntau yam haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej lossis nrog thiab npog hauv av rog lossis tub rog.
Tub rog tub rog tub rog muaj tub rog, tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua thiab tub rog tswj huab cua. Thawj cov khoom suav nrog lub dav hlau thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyoob hoom qav taub thiab kev saib xyuas dav hlau. Qhov thib ob feem cuam tshuam nrog kev swb ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov ze. Nws suav nrog peb lub roj teeb tiv thaiv huab cua thiab pab pawg pab pawg. Qhov thib peb tivthaiv tswj kev sib txuas lus sib txuas, chav ruaj ntseg, chaw nres tsheb radar. Ntawm nws pov tseg tsis yog tsuas yog dav hlau thiab helicopters, tab sis kujanti-aircraft phom.
Nyob rau yav tom ntej, nws tau npaj los ua qhov kev tsim kho loj ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub hauv paus huab cua, kev yuav khoom ntawm radar systems nrog ntau yam ntxiv.
Navy
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub nkoj yog tswj hwm cov haujlwm ntawm lwm lub xeev, tiv thaiv kev hem thawj, tsim cov xwm txheej rau thaj chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb, tswj kev thauj khoom thiab nuv ntses. Tam sim no, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog tub rog yog txhawm rau txhim kho thaj chaw dej, tshwj xeeb, kev tshem tawm ntawm Hiav Txwv B altic. Cov tub rog tub rog muaj xws li flotilla ntawm warships thiab kev pabcuam ntug hiav txwv.
