Diffusion ntawm kev nrhav: qhov tseem ceeb, theem, lub luag haujlwm tshiab ntawm kev lag luam

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:51

Cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho tshiab suav nrog kev npaj thiab kev siv cov khoom hloov pauv thiab tsim los ntawm cov theem sib cuam tshuam. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho kev siv thiab kev daws teeb meem. Hauv kev siv cov txheej txheem no, kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Lub ntsiab lus, theem, lub luag haujlwm tshiab ntawm kev lag luam hauv qhov tshwm sim no yuav raug txiav txim siab hauv kab lus.

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

txhais li cas los ntawm kev nthuav tawm tshiab? Qhov tshwm sim no qhia txog kev sib kis nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm ib zaug mastered thiab siv tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw tshiab los yog tej yam kev mob. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog cyclical. Qhov no yog coj mus rau hauv tus account nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm saj zawg zog tswj systems thiab lub koom haum ntawm kev lag luam. Cov txheej txheem ntawm diffusion ntawm kev nrhav tshwm sim raws li qee cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws, ib tug loj kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev paub yog nqa tawm, uas tau txais cov ntaub ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshiab technologies thiab cov khoom.

khoom lag luam

Muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm qhov uas feem ntau hu ua kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab, ib tus yuav tsum nyob hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov theem ntawm kev tsim khoom tshiab. Muaj plaub ntawm lawv:

1. Kev Tshawb Fawb.
2. Project.
3. Production.
4. kev lag luam.

yam ntxwv

Thaum thawj theem, lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom lag luam yav tom ntej yog tsim ncaj qha. Nws yog raws li kev tshawb fawb, kev txawj thiab kev lag luam ntawm lub koom haum, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev xav tau, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam tam sim no, lub cib fim thiab kev txwv hauv kev tsim cov khoom. Qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev sib tw txoj haujlwm ntawm lwm cov tuam ntxhab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshawb fawb theem, qhov kev txiav txim siab tau tsim los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tshiab, kev ua tau zoo ntawm nws qhov kev tso tawm, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim nws.

Nyob rau theem tom ntej, kev tsim yog ua raws li lub tswv yim tsim. Thaum lub sijhawm nws, kev kawm ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov khoom lag luam yav tom ntej, kev txhim kho kev tsim kho, kev tsim thiab kev sim ntawm cov qauv, thiab kos duab kos duab yog ua tiav. Nyob rau theem tsim khoom, ib puag ncig, kev npaj thiab kev npaj ua haujlwm rau kev tso tawm thiab kev txhim kho tom ntej ntawm qhov chaw yog nqa tawm. Thaum lub sij hawm ua lag luam, ib txheej ntawm kev ntsuas yog siv los txhawb cov khoom tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam. Cov no suav nrog, ntawm lwm yam, kev tshawb fawb kev lag luam, tsim kev muag khoom thiab kev pabcuam. Qhov tseeb, nyob rau theem no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab.

khoom lifecycle

Nws suav nrog ob kauj ruam tseem ceeb:

1. khoom tsim kho tshiab.
2. kev lag luam.

Thawj theem suav nrog tus nqi sivkev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho cov haujlwm. Tom qab tsim cov khoom, nws cov kev taw qhia rau kev lag luam thiab kev muag khoom pib. Kev ua lag luam muaj, dhau los, ntawm cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

1. Rise - nce cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev muag ntim.
2. Stabilization - ua tiav kev muag khoom siab tshaj plaws thiab tswj qib no rau ib lub sijhawm.
3. Kev poob qis - txo qhov muag.

tom kawg yog vim qhov khoom siv tsis dhau, txo qis ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab rau nws.

Kev faib tawm ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab

Xav txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nws cov txiaj ntsig yog raws li kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom tshiab tau txais kev coj ua. Yog li, nyob ntawm theem ntawm qhov tshiab, qhov tseem ceeb (piv txwv) thiab tam sim no (txhim kho) kev tsim kho tshiab yog qhov txawv. Cov qub yog cov khoom siv tshiab thiab cov thev naus laus zis rau ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom lag luam txhim kho yog cov khoom kho dua tshiab thiab cov kev pabcuam uas muaj nyob hauv khw. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev faib tawm no thiab nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog kev tsim kho tshiab yooj yim tuaj yeem muab kev sib tw zoo rau lub koom haum hauv lub sijhawm ntev. Raws li, lub tuam txhab yuav ua tus thawj coj hauv kev ua lag luam.

Raws li cov ntsiab lus, kev tsim kho tshiab tuaj yeem yog cov khoom lag luam, thev naus laus zis, koom haum thiab kev lag luam. Thawj yog cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho ntawm ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb. Qhov thib ob cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho lossis kev kho tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej lossis thev naus laus zis. Qhov kawg kov rau cov teeb meemnyiaj txiag, nyiaj txiag, koom haum thiab tswj spheres.

Theory of diffusion of innovations

Cov khoom yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim tshiab lossis txhim kho, ua tiav kev ua lag luam thiab, raws li, tau txais txiaj ntsig. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, ntau yam kev npaj tau raug tsim, raws li cov diffusion ntawm innovation yog nqa tawm. Wb coj ib tug ntawm lawv. Nws muaj 11 kauj ruam:

1. Kev ua tiav ntawm lub tswv yim. Tus sau tsim nws lub tswv yim rau kev tsim kho tshiab.
2. Sau cov kev xav tau rau kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, uas tsim nyog los txhim kho lub tswv yim hauv kev tsim khoom no.
3. Kev ua lag luam thiab kev tshaj lij thev naus laus zis ntawm qhov project, tshawb nrhiav qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam, tsim kev muag khoom kwv yees.
4. Tshaj tawm txoj kev npaj ua lag luam, tsim kom muaj kev sib koom tes zoo, xaiv cov peev txheej nyiaj txiag.
5. Tsim ib pab neeg thiab kev tsim vaj tsev, kev tswj hwm, tsim kev ua haujlwm.
6. Kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tshawb fawb yooj yim.
7. Txoj kev txhim kho kev ua ub no, qauv tsim.
8. Patting thiab kev txhawb nqa kev cai lij choj.
9. Npaj cov khoom lag luam tso tawm. Nws suav nrog kev tso cai, ntawv pov thawj, kev ua haujlwm ua ntej tsim khoom, tsim lub tuam tsev pabcuam.
10. Tso tawm ncaj qha rau lub khw. Thaum lub sijhawm no, txoj cai kev lag luam thiab kev muag khoom raug tsim thiab siv, kev faib tawm tau tsim.
11. Kev nthuav dav ntawm ntu kev lag luam.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab yog ua raws li kev tsom xam kev lag luam. Nws cov txiaj ntsig ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab tiag tiag rau kev txhim kho cov khoom lossis tsim cov khoom tsis paub yav dhau los. Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb me me yog qhov kev kawm ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias cov khoom tsis txaus siab rau tus neeg yuav khoom, qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab yuav ua rau tsis pom qhov twg. Kev tsim kho tshiab yuav kis mus rau kev lag luam, tab sis yuav tsis siv.

Kev ua haujlwm sab hauv hauv ib lub koom haum

Lub tuam txhab cov haujlwm tshiab yog tsom rau kev nce kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom nws tsim. Rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam txhab kom ua tau zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim ib pab pawg ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav raug tso tawm ntawm cov haujlwm tam sim no. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau lawv tsom ncaj qha rau cov txheej txheem txhim kho khoom.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias kev ua haujlwm tshiab yuav tsis tas mus li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov lag luam me, qhov twg, feem ntau, ua tsis tau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab. Nws yuav tsum xyuas kom meej lub sijhawm txheeb xyuas thiab hloov cov khoom siv, thev naus laus zis, thiab khoom siv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua tiav, kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm cov dej num, kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tshiab.

lub sijhawm tseem ceeb

Kev tswj hwm kev lag luam yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm pom kev tsim kho tshiabtsis yog ib qho kev hem thawj, tab sis yog lub sijhawm. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum paub tias kev tsim kho tshiab yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los cawm thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub tuam txhab. Ntxiv mus, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum nkag siab tias kev tsim kho tshiab tau lees paub kev ua haujlwm thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntxiv.

Zoo kawg

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam yog kom tau nyiaj ntau tshaj plaws. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshiab yog kom tau txais qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov khoom tsim tshiab lossis txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, thev naus laus zis, cov khoom siv raw, kev tswj hwm, thiab lwm yam. Cov haujlwm no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom tau nyiaj ntau tshaj. Kev ua haujlwm tshiab tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv. Lawv yog embodied nyob rau hauv tej yaam num tsom rau txoj kev loj hlob los yog mastering ntawm cov khoom tshiab los yog technologies. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj hwm yuav tsum ua qhov kev sib piv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshiab. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv tsev, vim tias ntau ntawm lawv tau ntsib teeb meem thiab tsis muaj peev nyiaj txaus los ua cov haujlwm tshiab. Kev sib piv yuav tso cai rau koj los sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lwm cov lus qhia. Cov ntsuas kev tshawb fawb yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev txiav txim siab ua tiav hauv kev tsim kho tshiab.